Aphrodite Invocation :: essays research papers

Goodness Muse! With dreams Thou hast filled my spirit, With dreams overwhelming, for Thou Hast demonstrated me Golden Aphrodite; presently The blast encourages me; like coal To more brilliant consuming fanned by Breath Divine, The Cyprian enflameth me with words, Enticing sounds, which quickly would weave My spirit, as lime-twigs trap unwary winged creatures. An Ancient Poet* spake reality; he said When Cypris cometh quick, cheerful Much the same as a Hero - powerful Her invasion, nor may anybody dissolve Her summons; ridiculing Her is haughtiness, An inability to regard the distinction 'Tween Gods and Mortals; nor can even They Oppose Her Power. She is held under control By just three: Athena, Bright-Eyed Maid, Furthermore, Artemis, who frequents both wood and meadow, What's more, Hestia dismiss the Paphian's Dove, For only they prevent delights from claiming Love. The Cyprian's summons is a test. Be Thou bold and answer it, for verily A God hath willed it; unquestionably stinging sorrow Will be refusal's cost, so look for help, Fitting in with the Paphian's Will. So spake the Poet Truths he would impart. Far-sparkling Aphrodite, hear our petition! Thou Laughter-adoring Lady, Paphian, Very much braced, Golden, Sea-conceived, Cyprian, Buddy, Tender-hearted, or howe'er It pleaseth Thee to be tended to, join in, We solicit, our expressions of acclaim, and send Thy Grace, since Thou workmanship the wellspring of all That is beguiling, agile, all that doth captivate In word or deed, in real life, figure, face. For Thine is the charm that doth enlace Our hearts as one, for as the enchanted is bound, So additionally is the charmer immediately found Giving up, with longing undisguised, The compromiser happily undermined! However, overwhelming is even this, Enticer tumbling to enchantment; joy Reimbursed is twofold joy, drawing tight The bonds about them both, in shared enjoyment. - - - - - Presently I bring in antiquated sounds: Aphrodite Khrusostephane Glukumeilikh' O he Kalligloute Thea Pandeme Hetaira su Morpho, - - - - - Or then again whatever name doth please Thee, Hear! If at any point I've conciliated Thee, Presently go to my petition entreating, See my hands toward Thee coming to, Realize my adoration is everlasting! Woman, award the blessing I'm inquiring Furthermore, show up before us, regardless of whether Presently visiting somewhere down in Nether Locales with the Queen of Hades, Or then again in Heaven with Thy Ladies, Wellsprings of all appeal, the Graces, Reasonable Their structure and reasonable Their countenances! I demand Thee, leave Thy station! Award to us an appearance! Show to us Thy face great! Let us revere Thee as legitimate, Shapely structure that is Thine venerating! Hear our voices now upsoaring To the Heavens from our chorale! If it's not too much trouble we ask Thee, remain before us! Sovereign of Twilight, Queen of Morning! Deeds simply done or now being born Are Thy top picks; valued the shrewd Warrior of the strong undertaking! Dear to Thee the Sun that is rising, Thou compensation for ambitious Spirits, Thou prize of errands finished, Thou in competition implored To give Thy elegance, exhorting, Strong advances stirring! Such Thy blessing and such Thy favor,

Conflicts and challenges in Philadelphia Coursework

Clashes and difficulties in Philadelphia - Coursework Example This backings by legitimate information and logical confirmations that is pertinent these days. The technique which uses is particularized assessment of a writing along with the basic summing up and individual inductions on the subject. â€Å"Of course I really discover not any more about Philadelphia in 2009 than does anybody else† †compose Bacon in his celebrated exposition (Knowles, 2009), still he makes an attempt to expand another urban structure and arranging directions for his flawless city. Edmund Bacon has involved post of the chief of the Philadelphia City Planning Commission for over twenty years and attempts to utilize all his insight and assets to reestablish the city design and contribute another vision of current urban region. Bacon contends under the Philadelphia ascending from â€Å"post-Depression, post-war dormancy †from the old mechanical city† (Knowles, 2009). This man has expectations to reproduce his place of birth and make this city wonderful and revamped. Edmund Bacon has his own exceptional and once in a while conflicting inclinations in city development. His primary thought respects in change the city into â€Å"a model of others conscious urbanism† (The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, 2014). After the World War II, Philadelphia has showed up as a position of outworn foundation and family unit lack. Deindustrialization course has stayed prominent and accomplished fame in that period (Knowles, 2009). Bacon proposes the thoughts for development of urbanization and city advancement as a viewpoint region. He explains another super structure thought because of the points of view of Philadelphia city quirks, however bureaucratic government’s Bicentennial arranging commission denies this undertaking because of the significant expense of execution (The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, 2014). Subsequently, the most noticeable purpose behind fragmented acknowledgment of Bacon’s plans is an absence of money related assets. In any case, the progressions achieve in some point of view, and

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Taking the IB Chemistry test will be a nerve-wracking experience, however having seen a genuine IB past paper before stepping through the real examination will be a tremendous favorable position since you'll have involvement in the test design, the length, and style of the test. In this article, I will give you where to discover IB Chemistry past papers, both free and paid. I'll additionally share tips on the best way to concentrate most adequately utilizing these IB Chemistry past papers. Where to Find Free Tests The IB has been steady about searching out and pulverizing wrongfully transferred official papers for as far back as barely any years, so a great deal of sources that used to be out there are not, at this point promptly accessible. As of now, the main free authority IB Chemistry test legitimately accessible is this Chemistry HL paper 3. I have not had the option to locate any informal IB Chemistry past papers (ones made without any preparation). In the event that you discover any, I emphatically exhort AGAINST utilizing them, as they might be in no way like the real IB Chemistry papers. Where to Find Paid Tests The IBO store sells IB Chemistry SL and HL past papers from May 2015 to November 2018. Explore to the Diploma Program page, at that point click Shop Exam Papers to see every accessible paper, which can be limited by classification and time period. This is the main safe spot to get IB Chemistry past papers to download. Each paper and each imprint plot costs $3.00. Purchasing the entirety of the past papers and imprint plans can be exorbitant, so in the event that you are hoping to spend as meager as could reasonably be expected, I suggest simply buying the latest (November and May 2018) past papers as they will be nearest to what you realized. 3 Tips for Using IB Chemistry Past Papers Productively Since each training IB Chemistry test will take you 3 hours for SL or 4.5 hours for HL, it's basic that you take advantage of each test. Here are a couple of supportive practices to remember when you're taking these papers: #1: Complete papers 1 and 2 of every one sitting. The IB Chemistry SL and IB Chemistry HL papers are serious, compelling you to sit and focus for two hours for SL and 3 hours and 15 minutes for HL. You have to develop your psychological quality so you don't make indiscreet mistakes before the finish of paper 2. By taking the training tests in a single meeting, you develop your psychological quality in anticipation of the genuine test. In the event that you don't possess energy for a 2 hour or 3 hour brief meeting, at that point you can take each paper on discrete days. Be that as it may, you have to comply with the following standard: #2: Stick to the specific planning on each piece of the test. It is VERY IMPORTANT that you become accustomed to the unpleasant planning of this test: IB Chemistry SL: IB Chemistry SL Paper 1-45 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 2-1 hour 15 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 3 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL: IB Chemistry HL Paper 1 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 2-2 hours 15 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 3-1 hour 15 minutes In this apportioned time, you have to wrap up: IB Chemistry SL: Paper 1: 30 numerous decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reactions and Section B: pick one article question (you pick between three alternatives) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two alternatives: six short reaction addresses that each can have between 2-5 sections IB Chemistry HL: Paper 1: 40 various decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reaction addresses that each can have between 3-10 sections and Section B: pick two article questions (you pick between four choices) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two alternatives: at least seven short reaction and exposition questions (shifts dependent on the choices that you canvassed in your group) Try not to rehearse with additional time-on the off chance that you give yourself additional time, you can finish more inquiries and increment your score. We need to utilize these training tests as sensible indicators of your test score. #3: Check your answers. After you complete a training test, you have to audit each mistake you made. Try not to avoid this progression. On the off chance that you do, you won't gain from your blunders, and you will make similar ones on the IB Chemistry test. So make a point to go through at any rate 1.5 hours investigating each full practice tests. This may appear to be a great deal of time, yet underscore nature of learning over amount of learning. I'd preferably observe you step through two examinations with careful audit over five tests with no survey. What’s Next? Need assistance investigating some science ideas? Find out about how to adjust concoction conditions here. Become familiar with IB Chemistry: The Complete IB Chemistry Syllabus: SL and HL The Best IB Chemistry Study Guide and Notes for SL/HL The Best IB Chemistry Books, Reviewed Searching for approaches to apply your science information to your regular day to day existence? Get three distinct plans for making your own sludge and figure out how to (securely) use muriatic corrosive to clean family unit things. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4? We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 systems you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

The Importance of Arts in School Essay Example For Students

The Importance of Arts in School Essay Ability is an exceptional expertise that is prominent yet one of a kind in all of us. Be it inside an ordinary individual or an impaired individual, will improve contingent upon how you develop it utilizing difficult work. Many have expressed that inability isn't an issue in developing gifts inside an individual, however the same number of do acknowledge, there are very little offices which are handicapped agreeable to the general public, Disability is a delicate subject to the instruction framework as it might touch off segregation to the understudies required There are numerous issues concerning incapacity and its condition. As indicated by the FEE Global Monitoring Report (2010), arriving at he marginalia, kids with inabilities stays one of the fundamental gatherings being broadly barred from quality instruction. Incapacity is known as one of the least obvious yet most convincing variables in the instructive System. Kids with incapacities reserve a privilege to training. Since the UN widespread Declaration on Human Rights was discharged in 1948, there has been enactment on giving instruction to all youngsters. We will compose a custom article on The Importance of Arts in School explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Which went into power in 2008 and Which was sanctioned by the LIKE in 2009, has 145 signatories (as at June 2010) including all AS nations aside from Afghanistan and Zanzibar. Alluding explicitly to instruction and the job of the universal network, it has significant ramifications for DIF and its work. Yet, it isn't that simple to really give instruction if offices are lacking in a nation, In a book entitled Livelihood Situation of Disabled Population in China (2011), probably the most concerning issue China faces is the training issue. Contrasting and the huge number of crippled populace, there are very barely any instructive foundations tort them. Up to 2008, there are just 1640 schools and organizations explicitly for handicapped individuals; and there are just 46 lodging showing staffs altogether. In India, instruction for the crippled enters in an alternate setting where an ongoing report by the World Bank (2007), for instance, noticed that kids with inability are multiple times bound to be out of school than youngsters having a place with planned positions or booked clans (SC or SST). Also, when youngsters with inability do go to class they once in a while progress past the essential level, driving at last to bring down business risks and long haul pay neediness. The Philippines is additionally a spot where its kin are gifted. In the ongoing show Philippians Got Talent (2010), Carl Malone Montevideo, a multi year-old kid who had been visually impaired since his introduction to the world is honored With remarkable singing ability to remunerate his vision. In any case, not all can adjust in a situation with issues about mediocrity due to their condition. There might be issues that the teachers may have themselves and the earth they are in. As indicated by an examination done by Veneering Nazarene Trill, the Director of Resource and Program Development at Jesus-Marie International School, Inc. (2010), skilled and gifted youngsters and kids with handicaps are totally included as one number. Some talented and distanced used to be named typically tested as they oeuvre troublesome in class. Instructors need particular preparing also. A lot of reasoning and critical thinking to change Philippines essential instructive framework to a magnificent learning condition must be done (2010). As condition With the typical and impaired could result to segregation or inadequacy, this exploration endeavors to examine the spaces which would help with the advancement and development Of the gifts Of the handicapped and distinctively abele to guarantee that Philippines is one of the most assorted nations there is later on. Proclamation OF THE PROBLEM This examination means to decide the capability of the incapacitated individuals in a school or condition together with the normal individuals. .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .postImageUrl , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:visited , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:active { border:0!important; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:active , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614 e0b53f319be54 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Alexander The Great EssayScientifically, the exploration endeavors to respond to the accompanying inquiries: 1. What are the issues that might be available it the crippled are put in a domain with the normal individuals? 2. What are a few issues with staying aware of the normal people groups pace of learning? 3. What are the space necessities that would be useful for their synchronous development? Suspicion This examination expect that with arrangement to legitimate spaces for the debilitated sick outcome as the concurrent development/learning of both the normal and incapacitated individuals and sustain their inventive gifts. This exploration additionally accept that the information gathered would help in the plan of a school or office for the crippled. This examination additionally expect that arrangements are as useful and manageable as could reasonably be expected yet as compelling as it is proposed as far as staying aware of the pattern of engineering. Significance OF THE STUDY This exploration helps in giving out taught information to help in the battle against segregation between the incapacitated and genuinely hindered individuals in Which society is still under since the early occasions. This may help the network living in a various situation for the improvement and progress of every network in the Philippines. With this, the legislature may have increasingly open offices for them which may help in the advancement of our nation. On the off chance that, more offices are to be set up, the training calling would have employments accessible and simultaneously, it challenges their calling to improve things. This examination additionally helps different modelers and design understudies the same to improve offices for the incapacitated. It will give others thoughts and ideas in the improving he plans for the crippled. They may likewise consolidate the answers for their own unique thoughts as answers for another undertaking not identified with the subject of the examination. With this exploration, the administration may consider changing plan norms of open offices that are expected for the better learning of state funded younger students with or without handicap as may introduce adaptable arrangements. This may likewise help in the monetary parts of the nation, Because arrangement might be adaptable there is less requirement for accommodating what is for the normal understudies and what is for the crippled understudies LIMITATIONS

Effects of Central Bank Independence on Inflation Rates

Impacts of Central Bank Independence on Inflation Rates Dynamic This paper investigations and clarifies the impacts of national bank autonomy on a countrys swelling rates and its financial exhibition from there on. It manages the advantages accepted to join autonomy and the designation of money related strategy to the national bank, the determinants and exactness of the list of national bank freedom (CBI), and the distinctive effect that CBI has on evolved and creating nations. The investigations and test directed have demonstrated that CBI brings down expansion in created nations yet in creating nations it may have the opposite impacts, essentially because of the level of autonomy, and elements like customs, the law, and the sculpture of the economy which fluctuate across nations. 1. Presentation This paper plans to contemplate the connection between national bank freedom (CBI) and expansion levels among various nations; creating and industrialized. The principle look into issue that I expect to inspect is whether national bank autonomy can bring down the swelling paces of the nations that award freedom to their national banks, and whether this can prompt improved monetary execution. What is examined in this paper isn't just whether national bank autonomy (CBI) can bring down swelling and consequently expansion inconstancy, yet additionally whether this can be accomplished requiring little to no effort. The economies introduced in the investigation incorporate both those of the created nations, for example the U.K., just as those experiencing significant change for example Russia that have as of late got access in the EU. In this paper I break down the effect of CBI on swelling, the advantages that are accepted to join CBI and the variables utilized in estimating CBI. You will see that CBI can have various types of estimation that produce marginally various outcomes, henceforth the viability of the CBI list is likewise examined. The explanation behind picking this subject for additional examination is essentially on the grounds that during the previous two decades there has been an impressive move towards national bank autonomy over a few nations, with the conviction that this will improve their expansion levels and along these lines add to monetary development. Be that as it may, as you will see further on, this isn't generally the situation, as certain investigations have uncovered negating results, and financial analysts and scholastics proceed with their examinations to get a clerer image of this issue. 2. The Spread of CBI and The Reasons for It In any case, it is astounding how quick CBI has spread among nations and governments since the late 1980s. One basic clarification of this spread is A.Alesinas (1988; 845) explanation: free national banks have been related with a lower normal swelling rate and may have been liable for lessening politically actuated instability of financial arrangement and expansion 2.1 Should a national bank become autonomous? Organizer (2005) clarifies that CBI was embraced to maintain a strategic distance from potential debates between ideological groups as a national bank is viewed as a supplier of data. Numerous market analysts have communicated their supposition on the spread of CBI; others have connected it to a method for staying away from the fault of political disappointment by some legislative gatherings (Miller, G. 1998, White 1994). Others have connected it to the rare changes of the administration (de Haan and vant Hag, 1995). That is, national bank autonomy by and large was embraced after times of high expansion so as to decrease it, because of the swelling focusing on work a national bank is equipped for seeking after. It can likewise be related with the fascination of outside speculation and consequently monetary development as an outcome of the objectives set and the self-sufficiency with which the bank would then be able to work (Maxfield, 1997). In nations inside the European Union, CBI is a perquisite following the Maastricht Treaty (1992) for receiving the euro money. By and large and as indicated by Folder (2005), autonomy has consistently been identified with the reception of hostile to inflationary measures for seeking after fiscal approach, yet its clarification exists in the human science of the budgetary elites and the governmental issues legitimizing their arrangement inclinations. The purposes for accomplishing value strength through increasing national bank autonomy, Cukierman (1996) clarifies are a few and incorporate; the breakdown of different establishments like the European Monetary System (EMS) that had been liable for keeping up cost solidness which is considered as the single and most huge goal of a national bank. Ilieva and Gregoriou (2005) recommend that experiencing significant change economies national bank freedom has expanded for the most part because of the longing of such nations like for example Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, and so forth., to join the European Union and the acquis communautaire that candidate nations ought to embrace. As they keep on thinking the dependence on CBI, they include that another motivator for CBI is the global money related establishments, for example, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) that require certain rules to be met before making unqualified credits, and these standards are possibly met with the assistance of CBI. Additionally, nations are pulled in to CBI as this will draw in potential financial specialists by improving the countries reliability. Cukierman, A. (1996) examinations improvements since the late 1980s to the legitimate freedom of national banks and to its importance; the estimation of CBI, the connection of national manages an account with the administration, its impact on the economy, its determinants, and so on As per Cukierman, the pattern towards CBI is because of a journey for value soundness which is because of the accompanying two reasons: To begin with, following the stagflation of the seventies and the unfriendly monetary presentation of some high expansion nations, in Latin America and somewhere else, tried and true way of thinking concerning swelling and genuine development has changed. Though during the sixties the acknowledged view was in accordance with Keynesian creed, that some expansion is useful for development, during the eighties and nineties turned into that swelling and the partner vulnerabilities hinder development. (1996; 3) The great monetary presentation of Japan and Germany, nations with effectively low expansion increased the value of the above idea. Second, the fast development and internationalization of capital markets raised the significance of value strength as governments and private speculators tried to improve their entrance to expanding world money related markets. (1996; 3) 2.2 Types of Central Bank Independence Autonomy concerning focal banking can be ordered into various gatherings, contingent upon the level of opportunity and the subject from which the national bank gets free. The significant kinds of freedom are; Legitimate autonomy, where the bank is incompletely responsible to the administration and enactment gives a system inside which the national bank and the legislature collaborate on specific issues. This type of autonomy shifts fundamentally among nations as it relies upon how solid in the law in every nation and how much it is followed. Nonetheless, the level of legitimate freedom, specifically LVAW, as it will be demonstrated as follows, has been utilized by numerous individuals as a significant record of estimating the level of CBI. Objective freedom alludes to the situation where the national bank is permitted to set its own objectives, for example value soundness, cash gracefully, swelling focusing on. Anyway by and large under this sort of autonomy, the bank will settle on its objectives with the affirmation of the pertinent administrative divisions. Thusly, objective freedom helps maintaining a strategic distance from clashes among financial and money related arrangements, and builds the degree of straightforwardness and believability of the national bank over its objectives. Operational autonomy is the most well-known type of freedom and is trailed by numerous national banks far and wide, for example, the Bank of England since 1997. It includes the administration defining the banks objectives for example a 2% level of expansion, yet the national bank being allowed to pick the instruments for example loan fees, to meet the objectives set by the administration. Another type of freedom is administrative autonomy, by which the national bank has the intensity of naming its own stuff, set its spending plan, and so on. This structure is a need for the presence of the other previously mentioned types of national bank autonomy and is along these lines allowed to every single national bank that can call themselves autonomous. 2.3 The case for national bank freedom There is an immense flood towards national bank autonomy by both the general population and the administrations, in the conviction that autonomous national banks won't just accomplish low expansion rates and value soundness, however will along these lines lead to long haul financial development and advancement. Anyway CBI is an issue that necessities further research before deciding if it ought to be received by all nations. This relies upon the monetary condition of the nation, regardless of whether it is a created or a creating nation or even on the interest of self-governance by the ideological groups inside the nation since by allowing freedom the legislature must go to the bank the obligations of for example controlling the loan costs, and so forth over which it used to have the force. Another issue that should be analyzed before allowing autonomy to a national bank is the political strength and the level of vulnerability inside the nation. This is on the grounds that in the midst of vulnerability and dangers, for example before races, the open favors CBI as a free national bank is progressively objective in its job and constantly forward looking without overlooking the drawn out impacts of its choices. Most of the gatherings influenced by the activities of a free national bank, for example the administration just as the overall population are pulled in by CBI in light of the more prominent responsibility and straightforwardness the bank is outfitted with while embracing a more prominent level of independence. In addition, it is relied upon to bring lower levels of expansion and this is the primary motivation behind why individuals welcome CBI and the quantity of cen

Violent Video Games Cause Problems Essay

Do Violent Video Games Cause Real-World Violence? One of the things people like to do most is to blame. No matter whom, no matter for what, no matter in what respect. Whom they don’t like to blame is themselves. It is not surprising, as it is always much easier and more pleasant – in a certain perverted sense – to shift the responsibility for – something, anything – onto somebody else. It is easier to denounce than to think and try to improve yourself or, in fact, simply apply an effort. So, if a child is impolite towards his parents and plays videogames, he is impolite towards his parents because he plays videogames, or played once, or watched somebody play, or wasn’t allowed to play – if you look through a little selection of news on this topic, you will see all these and many other variants. This attitude towards videogames is explained simply – the majority of people representing the older generation have never played a videogame in their lives and have absolutely no idea of what they are like. They most often treat them as an idiotic pastime the youths nowadays like so much – no doubt, in the beginning of the 20th centuries the same was said about movies. The mass media don’t hesitate to tell them blood-curling stories about children killing their parents because they played violent videogames and so on – simply because there is hardly anything easier to write than stuff like this – thus, strengthening the society’s suspicion. The reality is that a child that is capable of killing somebody by inspiration got from a videogame is already sick, and videogames have nothing to do with it. Hopefully, as one of the game industry representative said recently, in a couple of decades, when today’s children will be grown-ups, who will know what videogames are, this suspicion will become a history.

The First Amendment to the Constitution of the USA - Free Essay Example

The first amendment to the Constitution of the United States reads as follows, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. (U.S. Constitution) Why does freedom of speech matter? Freedom of speech is what protects people from expressing what matters to them. Most religions consist of somehow creating more followers of that specific religion. Christianity, for example, would be classified as a religion with on of its principles being the sharing of the gospel. For, Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved. How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? (Romans 10:13-14 New International Version) This verse directly explains that people have to be told about the gospel, and proves that freedom of speech directly plays into freedom of religion. The press is without censorship in our country, and will remain to be that way for as long as this amendment is followed. Without freedom of speech, people do not write and publish about what they please. Assembly also requires freedom of speech as well. There are assemblies held for protesting purposes and to support things, alike. Without freedom of speech, there would likely be nothing to protest because citizens would not be allowed to express opposing views of the government. The freedom to petition the government, like the other freedoms mentioned in the first amendment, would be impossible without freedom of speech, as well. People would have no reason to petition the government unless something was happening that they disagreed with. Without freedom of speech, what would be disallowed? It would be the ability to speak against the government or to show any disagreement. Speech is so necessary to people because without it, actions of others can be easily seen as meaningless, or they might be taken out of context. When people do the things they do, speech is the medium that explains the reasons and the motives for the actions that they have preformed. People may have the same actions and expressions as others, but speech is what differentiates the reasonings or causes that those actions are supported by. Speech is something that can easily define actions. What is speech? The speech, as referred to in the constitution, is not just the words that are spoken by people. There are many sources that may reference freedom of speech as the freedom of expression because the word speech is meant to act as an umbrella that covers all forms of ideas that are expressed. Whether people express their ideas through art, news articles, symbolic speech, clothing, speeches, or any actions preformed, it is protected as long the expression does not violate any of the few guidelines for it. One case that shows the protected expression is the Tinker v. Des Moines School District in 1969 (Monroe, 2018). This is a case where several students wore black arm bands to express their disdain for the events of the Vietnam War. The students were doing nothing that was a real cause for concern, yet they still were receiving consequences, like being expelled, for their actions. Actions that should have been protected. They were not being distracting in school, breaking any type of dress code, or arousing tension and strife amongst students. Because there were no other symbols that were prohibited, the students wearing the arm bands were considered have been discriminated against. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the students for all of the reasons expressed, and stated that they were protected under their first amendment right to freedom of speech. Because speech covers so many things, there are several cases that are used to set the precedents for current and future cases, including this one. With different advancements in technology, there will surely be more cases to debate what is covered under freedom of speech or expression. In the future, expression may cover things that no one could possibly fathom to be an expression. What is symbolic speech? When someone chooses to express their opinion through actions rather than words it is considered symbolic speech. In the Tinker v. Des Moines School District case, the students decision to wear the arm bands in protest of war, was a form of symbolic speech that was protected (Monroe, 2018). Another example of this would be the Texas v. Johnson case, which had to do with the burning of the American flag that had previously been considered illegal in forty-eight of the states (Monroe, 2018). In 1984 the Republican National Convention was held in Dallas, Texas, where Gregory Lee Johnson burned the American flag, which was considered prohibited, in protest of the Regan administration. The Supreme Court agreed to hear Johnsons case after he had been tried and convicted by a Texas court. It was ruled that the burning of the flag was considered symbolic speech and that the viewpoint or reasoning for his actions could not be taken into account when trying him. If Johnson had been found guilty of a crime for burning the flag in protest, then others would also have to be found guilty when they burned and buried old, ragged flags out of respect. How does expression effect an individual? Clothing is considered part of freedom of speech, or expression, because the clothes we wear can often times express our opinions. When clothing is worn that represents a band, certain group of people, political party, or religious group, it shows that we support their ideas or practices, whether or not we actually do. Wearing a shirt with a bible verse on it can outwardly show that one might be a Christian or that the verse applies to them in some way. The person could have no church ties or affiliation with anything that has to do with the Bible, other than that shirt, but because that shirt is worn, it still would appear that that person supports the Bible or Christians. In the same way, a person could wear a shirt that has gang references or related symbols and the association would be made that that person is supporting that particular gang. The person may have never been a part of a gang or done anything ?gang related in their lifetime, but because they wear something gang related, they will be associated with it. This is why there are cases like Castorina v. Madison County School Board (Monroe, 2018). In 2001 there were two students, Tom Castorina and his girlfriend, who were suspended after wearing confederate flag shirts to school. When the students refused to change shirts or wear them inside out, they were suspended. The wearing of the shirts seemed to cause no harm and did not create a distraction in school. The court sided with the students and decided that the wearing of the confederate flag was protected under the first amendment. The rulings on the Tinker v. Des Moines School District and Texas v. Johnson cases were also taken into account and used as determining factors in this case. Though there was no crime committed, and the students were considered protected, the fact that they expressed their freedom of speech still put a target on them just because someone else did not like what they expressed. In todays society this is seen a lot. People do not take into consideration that others are just as free to say what they please as they are. When a person doesnt like what someone else has to say, it does not take away the freedom that they have to say it. Is there truly complete freedom? There are a few, so called exceptions, to freedom of speech. Speech or expression is no longer protected if it promotes violence or contains true threats, suggests illegal acts, contains obscene material, such as child pornography, or is plagiarizing copyrighted material. Another limit is placed by The Espionage Act of 1917, which is a law that prohibits anything that could compromise recruitment into the armed forces or endanger any military operations (Monroe, 2018). This is another aid in setting boundaries for freedom of speech. In our country, we are free to say whatever we wish, but just because we can say it does not mean that it will come without consequence. For example, yelling Fire! in a crowded movie theatre should be protected by the first amendment of the Constitution, correct? Wrong. Because this action has the possibility to result in unnecessary injuries to innocent bystanders, it does not align with the guidelines for freedom of speech that is protected, causing freedom of speech to be limited. Contrary to what people may think, freedom of speech is not something that is guaranteed in all places that one may be in, even if it does follow the appropriate guidelines. I have known people to lose their jobs for this very reason. My first job was at a summer camp, and during orientation weekend all of the staff signed a contract agreeing to uphold the camps good reputation and not to participate in several things such as; illegal activity, consuming alcohol, cursing, sexual acts outside of marriage, smoking, etc., while being employed by the camp during the summer. After the first weekend we had off of work, there were four summer staff members fired. Three had been out drinking, even though they were underaged, and the fourth had posted pictures on social media of him drinking while wearing a staff shirt that displayed the camps name. Once the camp management staff was made known of the rules that had been broken, all four staff members were exterminated. Two of them were fortunate enough to be given a second chance to come back and work. Recognizing their wrong doing, both of them accepted the offer to come back and work at camp. Now, both are outstanding staff members. Companies are not required to hire anyone back and most will probably not be as willing to give their former employees another opportunity after they have abused the original one that they had. While this could possibly make it seem like freedom of speech is limited, if it is thought about completely, one will realize how free speech actually is. Freedom of speech is only infringed upon when it brings harm to another person, or when it is already agreed upon, like in the contract situation mentioned previously. Citizens only loose their freedom of speech when one of two things happen; the first is that they agree to give up that right, and the second is that it has potential to bring harm to another. Is there any other speech that should not be allowed? In America, there is the freedom to like things as well as dislike things, even to the point of hatred. The expression of that is something called ?hate speech. It is not defined by U.S. Law, but it is commonly considered to be speech expressing hatred of a particular group of people, whether it is due to that groups race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or any other reason. There are those who think that hate speech should be considered a hate crime because it is said with the intent to harm, even though it would not be harm committed on the physical level. Others still argue that it is not a crime because it is protected by their freedom of speech, and that it does not actually bring harm. The courts have not determined that it is a crime; therefore, is it still currently protected. The freedom to express hate, even when it is the hate of people, is legal as long as it is not acted upon or meant to arouse violence against the group that is hated. Most people would probably agree that ?hate speech is not something to just go about expressing just because a person can. While this is something that is legal, it is not something that is to be considered widely acceptable. In schools and most places of employment hate speech is not allowed. In the work place, it can be seen as discrimination and, more times than not, will result in the termination of an employee. Though it may seem that the freedom of speech should even be protected at a job, it is not always so. Just as the government cannot infringe on a persons right to speak freely, they cannot determine who can and cannot be fired. Most companies have some form of contract or code of conduct that is agreed upon or signed when an employee is hired, and the rules and regulations in it that can also extend to ones personal life. Just like actions mentioned previously, hate speech, or any other speech, can be grounds for termination if it does not align with the companies policies. Why is freedom of speech significant? In many other countries around the world, speaking ones mind freely is not a right. It is not something protected and guaranteed elsewhere like it is in America. There are people across the globe who fear for their lives when doing any of the things that are mentioned in the first amendment if they do not align with the views and standards set by those who are in power. People do not have the freedom to speak in disagreement with their government, write anything that could lead to the doubting of those in power, or spark the idea of revolution and change for their particular country. In America we have the freedom to say, I dont like the way this is happening and here is a potentially better way to go about doing this, without being punished for it or having to fear for our lives. There is an ability to act on beliefs and make things different in our lives. Americans have an amazing freedom that may go unnoticed and can be often times taken for granted. As someone who has visited both a communist country and a former communist country, I recognize the freedom that I have taken for granted, and I know that people seldom discuss politics or the state of their government and nation all due to their fear of being punished if their ideas are in opposition of those ruling them. It may not be stated in the law, but there can still be consequences for it in many cases. The voice of the people is not truly heard. Though the citizens may be able to vote, it does not necessarily mean that their opinions are really taken into consideration or contribute to the decisions that are made by the government. The freedom Americans have to speak freely, among other freedoms, is something coveted by the citizens of many other countries. Does popular opinion have any affect on freedom of speech? When cases enter a court room that are concerned with freedom of speech, there is a principle that the Supreme Court follows called content neutrality. This loosely means that just because the majority of the population may not agree with the way a person expressed themself, through symbolic speech or actual speech, it does not mean that the court can say it is not protected under freedom of speech or expression. In many incidents today with the confederate flag, there are lots of people who feel very strongly that it should be prohibited, like in Castorina v. Madison County School Board (Monroe, 2018). If there were to be a majority of people who think it should no longer be allowed, if it is not violating any guidelines or precedents that have been set, then it the freedom of people to wear or display it cannot be taken away. So What? Why does all of this matter? Well, it matters because it is something we use everyday. Every time that you say something, you are using your right go freedom of speech. While people may not always realize when they say something that could have been disallowed if this amendment was not in place, things such as those are said more times than can be counted. Without the first amendment, Americans lack true freedom. People talk all of the time, and a hot topic to talk about are things concerning the government or things that could be considered controversial. The thing that makes them controversial topics is the fact that there are so many different opinions formed on them. If there were not more than just the governments opinion, or the opinion of the majority of the population allowed, then America would not be able to rightfully consider itself the home of the free. As a nation, there would not be more than one political party, any religious diversity, and the voices of the citizens would not be heard, if our rights to express any thoughts were prohibited. In the first amendment there are things included other than freedom of speech; freedom of religion, press, assembly, and petition. How would these things come about if there was not freedom of speech, though? Without the freedom of speech mentioned in the first amendment, the things preceding and following it are meaningless in our society today. Religion cannot truly be free without the freedom to express and practice it. The ability of the press to report without being censored does not have any true value unless what is able to be reported on is also unregulated. The freedom to peacefully assemble is only worthwhile if assemblies can be held for any cause, and the right to be heard through the freedom of petitioning is only a real freedom when citizens can speak openly of their opinions, no matter what they may be. Speech and expression are things that outwardly show what people think about, care about, support, and have opinions on. Whether what people express is in agreement with what others believe or not, it is still their right to express it and be protected. Works Cited Hate Speech. Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, 2018, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hate%20speech Monroe, James. Civil Rights and Liberties. 2018. The Holy Bible, New International Version. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2007. Print. U.S. Constitution. Art. I/Amend. I.