Aphrodite Invocation :: essays research papers

Goodness Muse! With dreams Thou hast filled my spirit, With dreams overwhelming, for Thou Hast demonstrated me Golden Aphrodite; presently The blast encourages me; like coal To more brilliant consuming fanned by Breath Divine, The Cyprian enflameth me with words, Enticing sounds, which quickly would weave My spirit, as lime-twigs trap unwary winged creatures. An Ancient Poet* spake reality; he said When Cypris cometh quick, cheerful Much the same as a Hero - powerful Her invasion, nor may anybody dissolve Her summons; ridiculing Her is haughtiness, An inability to regard the distinction 'Tween Gods and Mortals; nor can even They Oppose Her Power. She is held under control By just three: Athena, Bright-Eyed Maid, Furthermore, Artemis, who frequents both wood and meadow, What's more, Hestia dismiss the Paphian's Dove, For only they prevent delights from claiming Love. The Cyprian's summons is a test. Be Thou bold and answer it, for verily A God hath willed it; unquestionably stinging sorrow Will be refusal's cost, so look for help, Fitting in with the Paphian's Will. So spake the Poet Truths he would impart. Far-sparkling Aphrodite, hear our petition! Thou Laughter-adoring Lady, Paphian, Very much braced, Golden, Sea-conceived, Cyprian, Buddy, Tender-hearted, or howe'er It pleaseth Thee to be tended to, join in, We solicit, our expressions of acclaim, and send Thy Grace, since Thou workmanship the wellspring of all That is beguiling, agile, all that doth captivate In word or deed, in real life, figure, face. For Thine is the charm that doth enlace Our hearts as one, for as the enchanted is bound, So additionally is the charmer immediately found Giving up, with longing undisguised, The compromiser happily undermined! However, overwhelming is even this, Enticer tumbling to enchantment; joy Reimbursed is twofold joy, drawing tight The bonds about them both, in shared enjoyment. - - - - - Presently I bring in antiquated sounds: Aphrodite Khrusostephane Glukumeilikh' O he Kalligloute Thea Pandeme Hetaira su Morpho, - - - - - Or then again whatever name doth please Thee, Hear! If at any point I've conciliated Thee, Presently go to my petition entreating, See my hands toward Thee coming to, Realize my adoration is everlasting! Woman, award the blessing I'm inquiring Furthermore, show up before us, regardless of whether Presently visiting somewhere down in Nether Locales with the Queen of Hades, Or then again in Heaven with Thy Ladies, Wellsprings of all appeal, the Graces, Reasonable Their structure and reasonable Their countenances! I demand Thee, leave Thy station! Award to us an appearance! Show to us Thy face great! Let us revere Thee as legitimate, Shapely structure that is Thine venerating! Hear our voices now upsoaring To the Heavens from our chorale! If it's not too much trouble we ask Thee, remain before us! Sovereign of Twilight, Queen of Morning! Deeds simply done or now being born Are Thy top picks; valued the shrewd Warrior of the strong undertaking! Dear to Thee the Sun that is rising, Thou compensation for ambitious Spirits, Thou prize of errands finished, Thou in competition implored To give Thy elegance, exhorting, Strong advances stirring! Such Thy blessing and such Thy favor,

Conflicts and challenges in Philadelphia Coursework

Clashes and difficulties in Philadelphia - Coursework Example This backings by legitimate information and logical confirmations that is pertinent these days. The technique which uses is particularized assessment of a writing along with the basic summing up and individual inductions on the subject. â€Å"Of course I really discover not any more about Philadelphia in 2009 than does anybody else† †compose Bacon in his celebrated exposition (Knowles, 2009), still he makes an attempt to expand another urban structure and arranging directions for his flawless city. Edmund Bacon has involved post of the chief of the Philadelphia City Planning Commission for over twenty years and attempts to utilize all his insight and assets to reestablish the city design and contribute another vision of current urban region. Bacon contends under the Philadelphia ascending from â€Å"post-Depression, post-war dormancy †from the old mechanical city† (Knowles, 2009). This man has expectations to reproduce his place of birth and make this city wonderful and revamped. Edmund Bacon has his own exceptional and once in a while conflicting inclinations in city development. His primary thought respects in change the city into â€Å"a model of others conscious urbanism† (The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, 2014). After the World War II, Philadelphia has showed up as a position of outworn foundation and family unit lack. Deindustrialization course has stayed prominent and accomplished fame in that period (Knowles, 2009). Bacon proposes the thoughts for development of urbanization and city advancement as a viewpoint region. He explains another super structure thought because of the points of view of Philadelphia city quirks, however bureaucratic government’s Bicentennial arranging commission denies this undertaking because of the significant expense of execution (The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, 2014). Subsequently, the most noticeable purpose behind fragmented acknowledgment of Bacon’s plans is an absence of money related assets. In any case, the progressions achieve in some point of view, and

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official

Where to Find IB Chemistry Past Papers - Free and Official SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Taking the IB Chemistry test will be a nerve-wracking experience, however having seen a genuine IB past paper before stepping through the real examination will be a tremendous favorable position since you'll have involvement in the test design, the length, and style of the test. In this article, I will give you where to discover IB Chemistry past papers, both free and paid. I'll additionally share tips on the best way to concentrate most adequately utilizing these IB Chemistry past papers. Where to Find Free Tests The IB has been steady about searching out and pulverizing wrongfully transferred official papers for as far back as barely any years, so a great deal of sources that used to be out there are not, at this point promptly accessible. As of now, the main free authority IB Chemistry test legitimately accessible is this Chemistry HL paper 3. I have not had the option to locate any informal IB Chemistry past papers (ones made without any preparation). In the event that you discover any, I emphatically exhort AGAINST utilizing them, as they might be in no way like the real IB Chemistry papers. Where to Find Paid Tests The IBO store sells IB Chemistry SL and HL past papers from May 2015 to November 2018. Explore to the Diploma Program page, at that point click Shop Exam Papers to see every accessible paper, which can be limited by classification and time period. This is the main safe spot to get IB Chemistry past papers to download. Each paper and each imprint plot costs $3.00. Purchasing the entirety of the past papers and imprint plans can be exorbitant, so in the event that you are hoping to spend as meager as could reasonably be expected, I suggest simply buying the latest (November and May 2018) past papers as they will be nearest to what you realized. 3 Tips for Using IB Chemistry Past Papers Productively Since each training IB Chemistry test will take you 3 hours for SL or 4.5 hours for HL, it's basic that you take advantage of each test. Here are a couple of supportive practices to remember when you're taking these papers: #1: Complete papers 1 and 2 of every one sitting. The IB Chemistry SL and IB Chemistry HL papers are serious, compelling you to sit and focus for two hours for SL and 3 hours and 15 minutes for HL. You have to develop your psychological quality so you don't make indiscreet mistakes before the finish of paper 2. By taking the training tests in a single meeting, you develop your psychological quality in anticipation of the genuine test. In the event that you don't possess energy for a 2 hour or 3 hour brief meeting, at that point you can take each paper on discrete days. Be that as it may, you have to comply with the following standard: #2: Stick to the specific planning on each piece of the test. It is VERY IMPORTANT that you become accustomed to the unpleasant planning of this test: IB Chemistry SL: IB Chemistry SL Paper 1-45 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 2-1 hour 15 minutes IB Chemistry SL Paper 3 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL: IB Chemistry HL Paper 1 60 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 2-2 hours 15 minutes IB Chemistry HL Paper 3-1 hour 15 minutes In this apportioned time, you have to wrap up: IB Chemistry SL: Paper 1: 30 numerous decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reactions and Section B: pick one article question (you pick between three alternatives) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two alternatives: six short reaction addresses that each can have between 2-5 sections IB Chemistry HL: Paper 1: 40 various decision questions Paper 2: two sections, Section An: answer all of four short reaction addresses that each can have between 3-10 sections and Section B: pick two article questions (you pick between four choices) Paper 3: Answer the entirety of the inquiries for your two alternatives: at least seven short reaction and exposition questions (shifts dependent on the choices that you canvassed in your group) Try not to rehearse with additional time-on the off chance that you give yourself additional time, you can finish more inquiries and increment your score. We need to utilize these training tests as sensible indicators of your test score. #3: Check your answers. After you complete a training test, you have to audit each mistake you made. Try not to avoid this progression. On the off chance that you do, you won't gain from your blunders, and you will make similar ones on the IB Chemistry test. So make a point to go through at any rate 1.5 hours investigating each full practice tests. This may appear to be a great deal of time, yet underscore nature of learning over amount of learning. I'd preferably observe you step through two examinations with careful audit over five tests with no survey. What’s Next? Need assistance investigating some science ideas? Find out about how to adjust concoction conditions here. Become familiar with IB Chemistry: The Complete IB Chemistry Syllabus: SL and HL The Best IB Chemistry Study Guide and Notes for SL/HL The Best IB Chemistry Books, Reviewed Searching for approaches to apply your science information to your regular day to day existence? Get three distinct plans for making your own sludge and figure out how to (securely) use muriatic corrosive to clean family unit things. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4? We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 systems you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

The Importance of Arts in School Essay Example For Students

The Importance of Arts in School Essay Ability is an exceptional expertise that is prominent yet one of a kind in all of us. Be it inside an ordinary individual or an impaired individual, will improve contingent upon how you develop it utilizing difficult work. Many have expressed that inability isn't an issue in developing gifts inside an individual, however the same number of do acknowledge, there are very little offices which are handicapped agreeable to the general public, Disability is a delicate subject to the instruction framework as it might touch off segregation to the understudies required There are numerous issues concerning incapacity and its condition. As indicated by the FEE Global Monitoring Report (2010), arriving at he marginalia, kids with inabilities stays one of the fundamental gatherings being broadly barred from quality instruction. Incapacity is known as one of the least obvious yet most convincing variables in the instructive System. Kids with incapacities reserve a privilege to training. Since the UN widespread Declaration on Human Rights was discharged in 1948, there has been enactment on giving instruction to all youngsters. We will compose a custom article on The Importance of Arts in School explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Which went into power in 2008 and Which was sanctioned by the LIKE in 2009, has 145 signatories (as at June 2010) including all AS nations aside from Afghanistan and Zanzibar. Alluding explicitly to instruction and the job of the universal network, it has significant ramifications for DIF and its work. Yet, it isn't that simple to really give instruction if offices are lacking in a nation, In a book entitled Livelihood Situation of Disabled Population in China (2011), probably the most concerning issue China faces is the training issue. Contrasting and the huge number of crippled populace, there are very barely any instructive foundations tort them. Up to 2008, there are just 1640 schools and organizations explicitly for handicapped individuals; and there are just 46 lodging showing staffs altogether. In India, instruction for the crippled enters in an alternate setting where an ongoing report by the World Bank (2007), for instance, noticed that kids with inability are multiple times bound to be out of school than youngsters having a place with planned positions or booked clans (SC or SST). Also, when youngsters with inability do go to class they once in a while progress past the essential level, driving at last to bring down business risks and long haul pay neediness. The Philippines is additionally a spot where its kin are gifted. In the ongoing show Philippians Got Talent (2010), Carl Malone Montevideo, a multi year-old kid who had been visually impaired since his introduction to the world is honored With remarkable singing ability to remunerate his vision. In any case, not all can adjust in a situation with issues about mediocrity due to their condition. There might be issues that the teachers may have themselves and the earth they are in. As indicated by an examination done by Veneering Nazarene Trill, the Director of Resource and Program Development at Jesus-Marie International School, Inc. (2010), skilled and gifted youngsters and kids with handicaps are totally included as one number. Some talented and distanced used to be named typically tested as they oeuvre troublesome in class. Instructors need particular preparing also. A lot of reasoning and critical thinking to change Philippines essential instructive framework to a magnificent learning condition must be done (2010). As condition With the typical and impaired could result to segregation or inadequacy, this exploration endeavors to examine the spaces which would help with the advancement and development Of the gifts Of the handicapped and distinctively abele to guarantee that Philippines is one of the most assorted nations there is later on. Proclamation OF THE PROBLEM This examination means to decide the capability of the incapacitated individuals in a school or condition together with the normal individuals. .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .postImageUrl , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:visited , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:active { border:0!important; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:active , .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614 e0b53f319be54 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u4ac059988cbf9641614e0b53f319be54:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Alexander The Great EssayScientifically, the exploration endeavors to respond to the accompanying inquiries: 1. What are the issues that might be available it the crippled are put in a domain with the normal individuals? 2. What are a few issues with staying aware of the normal people groups pace of learning? 3. What are the space necessities that would be useful for their synchronous development? Suspicion This examination expect that with arrangement to legitimate spaces for the debilitated sick outcome as the concurrent development/learning of both the normal and incapacitated individuals and sustain their inventive gifts. This exploration additionally accept that the information gathered would help in the plan of a school or office for the crippled. This examination additionally expect that arrangements are as useful and manageable as could reasonably be expected yet as compelling as it is proposed as far as staying aware of the pattern of engineering. Significance OF THE STUDY This exploration helps in giving out taught information to help in the battle against segregation between the incapacitated and genuinely hindered individuals in Which society is still under since the early occasions. This may help the network living in a various situation for the improvement and progress of every network in the Philippines. With this, the legislature may have increasingly open offices for them which may help in the advancement of our nation. On the off chance that, more offices are to be set up, the training calling would have employments accessible and simultaneously, it challenges their calling to improve things. This examination additionally helps different modelers and design understudies the same to improve offices for the incapacitated. It will give others thoughts and ideas in the improving he plans for the crippled. They may likewise consolidate the answers for their own unique thoughts as answers for another undertaking not identified with the subject of the examination. With this exploration, the administration may consider changing plan norms of open offices that are expected for the better learning of state funded younger students with or without handicap as may introduce adaptable arrangements. This may likewise help in the monetary parts of the nation, Because arrangement might be adaptable there is less requirement for accommodating what is for the normal understudies and what is for the crippled understudies LIMITATIONS

Effects of Central Bank Independence on Inflation Rates

Impacts of Central Bank Independence on Inflation Rates Dynamic This paper investigations and clarifies the impacts of national bank autonomy on a countrys swelling rates and its financial exhibition from there on. It manages the advantages accepted to join autonomy and the designation of money related strategy to the national bank, the determinants and exactness of the list of national bank freedom (CBI), and the distinctive effect that CBI has on evolved and creating nations. The investigations and test directed have demonstrated that CBI brings down expansion in created nations yet in creating nations it may have the opposite impacts, essentially because of the level of autonomy, and elements like customs, the law, and the sculpture of the economy which fluctuate across nations. 1. Presentation This paper plans to contemplate the connection between national bank freedom (CBI) and expansion levels among various nations; creating and industrialized. The principle look into issue that I expect to inspect is whether national bank autonomy can bring down the swelling paces of the nations that award freedom to their national banks, and whether this can prompt improved monetary execution. What is examined in this paper isn't just whether national bank autonomy (CBI) can bring down swelling and consequently expansion inconstancy, yet additionally whether this can be accomplished requiring little to no effort. The economies introduced in the investigation incorporate both those of the created nations, for example the U.K., just as those experiencing significant change for example Russia that have as of late got access in the EU. In this paper I break down the effect of CBI on swelling, the advantages that are accepted to join CBI and the variables utilized in estimating CBI. You will see that CBI can have various types of estimation that produce marginally various outcomes, henceforth the viability of the CBI list is likewise examined. The explanation behind picking this subject for additional examination is essentially on the grounds that during the previous two decades there has been an impressive move towards national bank autonomy over a few nations, with the conviction that this will improve their expansion levels and along these lines add to monetary development. Be that as it may, as you will see further on, this isn't generally the situation, as certain investigations have uncovered negating results, and financial analysts and scholastics proceed with their examinations to get a clerer image of this issue. 2. The Spread of CBI and The Reasons for It In any case, it is astounding how quick CBI has spread among nations and governments since the late 1980s. One basic clarification of this spread is A.Alesinas (1988; 845) explanation: free national banks have been related with a lower normal swelling rate and may have been liable for lessening politically actuated instability of financial arrangement and expansion 2.1 Should a national bank become autonomous? Organizer (2005) clarifies that CBI was embraced to maintain a strategic distance from potential debates between ideological groups as a national bank is viewed as a supplier of data. Numerous market analysts have communicated their supposition on the spread of CBI; others have connected it to a method for staying away from the fault of political disappointment by some legislative gatherings (Miller, G. 1998, White 1994). Others have connected it to the rare changes of the administration (de Haan and vant Hag, 1995). That is, national bank autonomy by and large was embraced after times of high expansion so as to decrease it, because of the swelling focusing on work a national bank is equipped for seeking after. It can likewise be related with the fascination of outside speculation and consequently monetary development as an outcome of the objectives set and the self-sufficiency with which the bank would then be able to work (Maxfield, 1997). In nations inside the European Union, CBI is a perquisite following the Maastricht Treaty (1992) for receiving the euro money. By and large and as indicated by Folder (2005), autonomy has consistently been identified with the reception of hostile to inflationary measures for seeking after fiscal approach, yet its clarification exists in the human science of the budgetary elites and the governmental issues legitimizing their arrangement inclinations. The purposes for accomplishing value strength through increasing national bank autonomy, Cukierman (1996) clarifies are a few and incorporate; the breakdown of different establishments like the European Monetary System (EMS) that had been liable for keeping up cost solidness which is considered as the single and most huge goal of a national bank. Ilieva and Gregoriou (2005) recommend that experiencing significant change economies national bank freedom has expanded for the most part because of the longing of such nations like for example Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, and so forth., to join the European Union and the acquis communautaire that candidate nations ought to embrace. As they keep on thinking the dependence on CBI, they include that another motivator for CBI is the global money related establishments, for example, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) that require certain rules to be met before making unqualified credits, and these standards are possibly met with the assistance of CBI. Additionally, nations are pulled in to CBI as this will draw in potential financial specialists by improving the countries reliability. Cukierman, A. (1996) examinations improvements since the late 1980s to the legitimate freedom of national banks and to its importance; the estimation of CBI, the connection of national manages an account with the administration, its impact on the economy, its determinants, and so on As per Cukierman, the pattern towards CBI is because of a journey for value soundness which is because of the accompanying two reasons: To begin with, following the stagflation of the seventies and the unfriendly monetary presentation of some high expansion nations, in Latin America and somewhere else, tried and true way of thinking concerning swelling and genuine development has changed. Though during the sixties the acknowledged view was in accordance with Keynesian creed, that some expansion is useful for development, during the eighties and nineties turned into that swelling and the partner vulnerabilities hinder development. (1996; 3) The great monetary presentation of Japan and Germany, nations with effectively low expansion increased the value of the above idea. Second, the fast development and internationalization of capital markets raised the significance of value strength as governments and private speculators tried to improve their entrance to expanding world money related markets. (1996; 3) 2.2 Types of Central Bank Independence Autonomy concerning focal banking can be ordered into various gatherings, contingent upon the level of opportunity and the subject from which the national bank gets free. The significant kinds of freedom are; Legitimate autonomy, where the bank is incompletely responsible to the administration and enactment gives a system inside which the national bank and the legislature collaborate on specific issues. This type of autonomy shifts fundamentally among nations as it relies upon how solid in the law in every nation and how much it is followed. Nonetheless, the level of legitimate freedom, specifically LVAW, as it will be demonstrated as follows, has been utilized by numerous individuals as a significant record of estimating the level of CBI. Objective freedom alludes to the situation where the national bank is permitted to set its own objectives, for example value soundness, cash gracefully, swelling focusing on. Anyway by and large under this sort of autonomy, the bank will settle on its objectives with the affirmation of the pertinent administrative divisions. Thusly, objective freedom helps maintaining a strategic distance from clashes among financial and money related arrangements, and builds the degree of straightforwardness and believability of the national bank over its objectives. Operational autonomy is the most well-known type of freedom and is trailed by numerous national banks far and wide, for example, the Bank of England since 1997. It includes the administration defining the banks objectives for example a 2% level of expansion, yet the national bank being allowed to pick the instruments for example loan fees, to meet the objectives set by the administration. Another type of freedom is administrative autonomy, by which the national bank has the intensity of naming its own stuff, set its spending plan, and so on. This structure is a need for the presence of the other previously mentioned types of national bank autonomy and is along these lines allowed to every single national bank that can call themselves autonomous. 2.3 The case for national bank freedom There is an immense flood towards national bank autonomy by both the general population and the administrations, in the conviction that autonomous national banks won't just accomplish low expansion rates and value soundness, however will along these lines lead to long haul financial development and advancement. Anyway CBI is an issue that necessities further research before deciding if it ought to be received by all nations. This relies upon the monetary condition of the nation, regardless of whether it is a created or a creating nation or even on the interest of self-governance by the ideological groups inside the nation since by allowing freedom the legislature must go to the bank the obligations of for example controlling the loan costs, and so forth over which it used to have the force. Another issue that should be analyzed before allowing autonomy to a national bank is the political strength and the level of vulnerability inside the nation. This is on the grounds that in the midst of vulnerability and dangers, for example before races, the open favors CBI as a free national bank is progressively objective in its job and constantly forward looking without overlooking the drawn out impacts of its choices. Most of the gatherings influenced by the activities of a free national bank, for example the administration just as the overall population are pulled in by CBI in light of the more prominent responsibility and straightforwardness the bank is outfitted with while embracing a more prominent level of independence. In addition, it is relied upon to bring lower levels of expansion and this is the primary motivation behind why individuals welcome CBI and the quantity of cen

Violent Video Games Cause Problems Essay

Do Violent Video Games Cause Real-World Violence? One of the things people like to do most is to blame. No matter whom, no matter for what, no matter in what respect. Whom they don’t like to blame is themselves. It is not surprising, as it is always much easier and more pleasant – in a certain perverted sense – to shift the responsibility for – something, anything – onto somebody else. It is easier to denounce than to think and try to improve yourself or, in fact, simply apply an effort. So, if a child is impolite towards his parents and plays videogames, he is impolite towards his parents because he plays videogames, or played once, or watched somebody play, or wasn’t allowed to play – if you look through a little selection of news on this topic, you will see all these and many other variants. This attitude towards videogames is explained simply – the majority of people representing the older generation have never played a videogame in their lives and have absolutely no idea of what they are like. They most often treat them as an idiotic pastime the youths nowadays like so much – no doubt, in the beginning of the 20th centuries the same was said about movies. The mass media don’t hesitate to tell them blood-curling stories about children killing their parents because they played violent videogames and so on – simply because there is hardly anything easier to write than stuff like this – thus, strengthening the society’s suspicion. The reality is that a child that is capable of killing somebody by inspiration got from a videogame is already sick, and videogames have nothing to do with it. Hopefully, as one of the game industry representative said recently, in a couple of decades, when today’s children will be grown-ups, who will know what videogames are, this suspicion will become a history.

The First Amendment to the Constitution of the USA - Free Essay Example

The first amendment to the Constitution of the United States reads as follows, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. (U.S. Constitution) Why does freedom of speech matter? Freedom of speech is what protects people from expressing what matters to them. Most religions consist of somehow creating more followers of that specific religion. Christianity, for example, would be classified as a religion with on of its principles being the sharing of the gospel. For, Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved. How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? (Romans 10:13-14 New International Version) This verse directly explains that people have to be told about the gospel, and proves that freedom of speech directly plays into freedom of religion. The press is without censorship in our country, and will remain to be that way for as long as this amendment is followed. Without freedom of speech, people do not write and publish about what they please. Assembly also requires freedom of speech as well. There are assemblies held for protesting purposes and to support things, alike. Without freedom of speech, there would likely be nothing to protest because citizens would not be allowed to express opposing views of the government. The freedom to petition the government, like the other freedoms mentioned in the first amendment, would be impossible without freedom of speech, as well. People would have no reason to petition the government unless something was happening that they disagreed with. Without freedom of speech, what would be disallowed? It would be the ability to speak against the government or to show any disagreement. Speech is so necessary to people because without it, actions of others can be easily seen as meaningless, or they might be taken out of context. When people do the things they do, speech is the medium that explains the reasons and the motives for the actions that they have preformed. People may have the same actions and expressions as others, but speech is what differentiates the reasonings or causes that those actions are supported by. Speech is something that can easily define actions. What is speech? The speech, as referred to in the constitution, is not just the words that are spoken by people. There are many sources that may reference freedom of speech as the freedom of expression because the word speech is meant to act as an umbrella that covers all forms of ideas that are expressed. Whether people express their ideas through art, news articles, symbolic speech, clothing, speeches, or any actions preformed, it is protected as long the expression does not violate any of the few guidelines for it. One case that shows the protected expression is the Tinker v. Des Moines School District in 1969 (Monroe, 2018). This is a case where several students wore black arm bands to express their disdain for the events of the Vietnam War. The students were doing nothing that was a real cause for concern, yet they still were receiving consequences, like being expelled, for their actions. Actions that should have been protected. They were not being distracting in school, breaking any type of dress code, or arousing tension and strife amongst students. Because there were no other symbols that were prohibited, the students wearing the arm bands were considered have been discriminated against. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the students for all of the reasons expressed, and stated that they were protected under their first amendment right to freedom of speech. Because speech covers so many things, there are several cases that are used to set the precedents for current and future cases, including this one. With different advancements in technology, there will surely be more cases to debate what is covered under freedom of speech or expression. In the future, expression may cover things that no one could possibly fathom to be an expression. What is symbolic speech? When someone chooses to express their opinion through actions rather than words it is considered symbolic speech. In the Tinker v. Des Moines School District case, the students decision to wear the arm bands in protest of war, was a form of symbolic speech that was protected (Monroe, 2018). Another example of this would be the Texas v. Johnson case, which had to do with the burning of the American flag that had previously been considered illegal in forty-eight of the states (Monroe, 2018). In 1984 the Republican National Convention was held in Dallas, Texas, where Gregory Lee Johnson burned the American flag, which was considered prohibited, in protest of the Regan administration. The Supreme Court agreed to hear Johnsons case after he had been tried and convicted by a Texas court. It was ruled that the burning of the flag was considered symbolic speech and that the viewpoint or reasoning for his actions could not be taken into account when trying him. If Johnson had been found guilty of a crime for burning the flag in protest, then others would also have to be found guilty when they burned and buried old, ragged flags out of respect. How does expression effect an individual? Clothing is considered part of freedom of speech, or expression, because the clothes we wear can often times express our opinions. When clothing is worn that represents a band, certain group of people, political party, or religious group, it shows that we support their ideas or practices, whether or not we actually do. Wearing a shirt with a bible verse on it can outwardly show that one might be a Christian or that the verse applies to them in some way. The person could have no church ties or affiliation with anything that has to do with the Bible, other than that shirt, but because that shirt is worn, it still would appear that that person supports the Bible or Christians. In the same way, a person could wear a shirt that has gang references or related symbols and the association would be made that that person is supporting that particular gang. The person may have never been a part of a gang or done anything ?gang related in their lifetime, but because they wear something gang related, they will be associated with it. This is why there are cases like Castorina v. Madison County School Board (Monroe, 2018). In 2001 there were two students, Tom Castorina and his girlfriend, who were suspended after wearing confederate flag shirts to school. When the students refused to change shirts or wear them inside out, they were suspended. The wearing of the shirts seemed to cause no harm and did not create a distraction in school. The court sided with the students and decided that the wearing of the confederate flag was protected under the first amendment. The rulings on the Tinker v. Des Moines School District and Texas v. Johnson cases were also taken into account and used as determining factors in this case. Though there was no crime committed, and the students were considered protected, the fact that they expressed their freedom of speech still put a target on them just because someone else did not like what they expressed. In todays society this is seen a lot. People do not take into consideration that others are just as free to say what they please as they are. When a person doesnt like what someone else has to say, it does not take away the freedom that they have to say it. Is there truly complete freedom? There are a few, so called exceptions, to freedom of speech. Speech or expression is no longer protected if it promotes violence or contains true threats, suggests illegal acts, contains obscene material, such as child pornography, or is plagiarizing copyrighted material. Another limit is placed by The Espionage Act of 1917, which is a law that prohibits anything that could compromise recruitment into the armed forces or endanger any military operations (Monroe, 2018). This is another aid in setting boundaries for freedom of speech. In our country, we are free to say whatever we wish, but just because we can say it does not mean that it will come without consequence. For example, yelling Fire! in a crowded movie theatre should be protected by the first amendment of the Constitution, correct? Wrong. Because this action has the possibility to result in unnecessary injuries to innocent bystanders, it does not align with the guidelines for freedom of speech that is protected, causing freedom of speech to be limited. Contrary to what people may think, freedom of speech is not something that is guaranteed in all places that one may be in, even if it does follow the appropriate guidelines. I have known people to lose their jobs for this very reason. My first job was at a summer camp, and during orientation weekend all of the staff signed a contract agreeing to uphold the camps good reputation and not to participate in several things such as; illegal activity, consuming alcohol, cursing, sexual acts outside of marriage, smoking, etc., while being employed by the camp during the summer. After the first weekend we had off of work, there were four summer staff members fired. Three had been out drinking, even though they were underaged, and the fourth had posted pictures on social media of him drinking while wearing a staff shirt that displayed the camps name. Once the camp management staff was made known of the rules that had been broken, all four staff members were exterminated. Two of them were fortunate enough to be given a second chance to come back and work. Recognizing their wrong doing, both of them accepted the offer to come back and work at camp. Now, both are outstanding staff members. Companies are not required to hire anyone back and most will probably not be as willing to give their former employees another opportunity after they have abused the original one that they had. While this could possibly make it seem like freedom of speech is limited, if it is thought about completely, one will realize how free speech actually is. Freedom of speech is only infringed upon when it brings harm to another person, or when it is already agreed upon, like in the contract situation mentioned previously. Citizens only loose their freedom of speech when one of two things happen; the first is that they agree to give up that right, and the second is that it has potential to bring harm to another. Is there any other speech that should not be allowed? In America, there is the freedom to like things as well as dislike things, even to the point of hatred. The expression of that is something called ?hate speech. It is not defined by U.S. Law, but it is commonly considered to be speech expressing hatred of a particular group of people, whether it is due to that groups race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or any other reason. There are those who think that hate speech should be considered a hate crime because it is said with the intent to harm, even though it would not be harm committed on the physical level. Others still argue that it is not a crime because it is protected by their freedom of speech, and that it does not actually bring harm. The courts have not determined that it is a crime; therefore, is it still currently protected. The freedom to express hate, even when it is the hate of people, is legal as long as it is not acted upon or meant to arouse violence against the group that is hated. Most people would probably agree that ?hate speech is not something to just go about expressing just because a person can. While this is something that is legal, it is not something that is to be considered widely acceptable. In schools and most places of employment hate speech is not allowed. In the work place, it can be seen as discrimination and, more times than not, will result in the termination of an employee. Though it may seem that the freedom of speech should even be protected at a job, it is not always so. Just as the government cannot infringe on a persons right to speak freely, they cannot determine who can and cannot be fired. Most companies have some form of contract or code of conduct that is agreed upon or signed when an employee is hired, and the rules and regulations in it that can also extend to ones personal life. Just like actions mentioned previously, hate speech, or any other speech, can be grounds for termination if it does not align with the companies policies. Why is freedom of speech significant? In many other countries around the world, speaking ones mind freely is not a right. It is not something protected and guaranteed elsewhere like it is in America. There are people across the globe who fear for their lives when doing any of the things that are mentioned in the first amendment if they do not align with the views and standards set by those who are in power. People do not have the freedom to speak in disagreement with their government, write anything that could lead to the doubting of those in power, or spark the idea of revolution and change for their particular country. In America we have the freedom to say, I dont like the way this is happening and here is a potentially better way to go about doing this, without being punished for it or having to fear for our lives. There is an ability to act on beliefs and make things different in our lives. Americans have an amazing freedom that may go unnoticed and can be often times taken for granted. As someone who has visited both a communist country and a former communist country, I recognize the freedom that I have taken for granted, and I know that people seldom discuss politics or the state of their government and nation all due to their fear of being punished if their ideas are in opposition of those ruling them. It may not be stated in the law, but there can still be consequences for it in many cases. The voice of the people is not truly heard. Though the citizens may be able to vote, it does not necessarily mean that their opinions are really taken into consideration or contribute to the decisions that are made by the government. The freedom Americans have to speak freely, among other freedoms, is something coveted by the citizens of many other countries. Does popular opinion have any affect on freedom of speech? When cases enter a court room that are concerned with freedom of speech, there is a principle that the Supreme Court follows called content neutrality. This loosely means that just because the majority of the population may not agree with the way a person expressed themself, through symbolic speech or actual speech, it does not mean that the court can say it is not protected under freedom of speech or expression. In many incidents today with the confederate flag, there are lots of people who feel very strongly that it should be prohibited, like in Castorina v. Madison County School Board (Monroe, 2018). If there were to be a majority of people who think it should no longer be allowed, if it is not violating any guidelines or precedents that have been set, then it the freedom of people to wear or display it cannot be taken away. So What? Why does all of this matter? Well, it matters because it is something we use everyday. Every time that you say something, you are using your right go freedom of speech. While people may not always realize when they say something that could have been disallowed if this amendment was not in place, things such as those are said more times than can be counted. Without the first amendment, Americans lack true freedom. People talk all of the time, and a hot topic to talk about are things concerning the government or things that could be considered controversial. The thing that makes them controversial topics is the fact that there are so many different opinions formed on them. If there were not more than just the governments opinion, or the opinion of the majority of the population allowed, then America would not be able to rightfully consider itself the home of the free. As a nation, there would not be more than one political party, any religious diversity, and the voices of the citizens would not be heard, if our rights to express any thoughts were prohibited. In the first amendment there are things included other than freedom of speech; freedom of religion, press, assembly, and petition. How would these things come about if there was not freedom of speech, though? Without the freedom of speech mentioned in the first amendment, the things preceding and following it are meaningless in our society today. Religion cannot truly be free without the freedom to express and practice it. The ability of the press to report without being censored does not have any true value unless what is able to be reported on is also unregulated. The freedom to peacefully assemble is only worthwhile if assemblies can be held for any cause, and the right to be heard through the freedom of petitioning is only a real freedom when citizens can speak openly of their opinions, no matter what they may be. Speech and expression are things that outwardly show what people think about, care about, support, and have opinions on. Whether what people express is in agreement with what others believe or not, it is still their right to express it and be protected. Works Cited Hate Speech. Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, 2018, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hate%20speech Monroe, James. Civil Rights and Liberties. 2018. The Holy Bible, New International Version. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2007. Print. U.S. Constitution. Art. I/Amend. I.

Discuss the theme of the Dream in Of Mice and Men. Essay

Discuss the theme of the Dream in Of Mice and Men. â€Å"Everyone in the world has a dream he knows can’t Come off but he spends his life hoping it may. This is at once The sadness and greatness and the triumph of our species† John Steinbeck ============== Discuss the theme of the Dream in ‘Of Mice and Men’. Steinbeck’s quote above portrays an important aspect of ‘Of Mice and Men’. Steinbeck remarks on how people can create a dream and how they can have positive and negative effects from them. A dream is human nature, where a person can get away from the outside world by thinking or imagining what their life would be like if the dream came true. Throughout the book there are four main dreams, which the characters have in†¦show more content†¦Tha’s three hundred and fifty bucks I’d put in†. However this dream dies out when Lennie kills Curley’s wife. When Candy sees Curley’s wife dead, he knows that the dream will never come true. Curley’s dream is not a main part of the story but does have an important contribution to the central basis of the story’s theme of dreams. His dream is about being physically bigger, being respected, having a job, a house and a wife. He got all the things he had hoped for apart from being bigger, getting respect and having a ‘perfect’ fairytale wife. To Curley his wife is the main bad thing in his life. Curley spends most of his time looking for his wife, while his wife is always looking for him. Curley’s wife’s dreams consist of fame, fortune and admiration. She has high hopes of going to Hollywood and being an all time rich film star, which has been portrayed in the line â€Å"I tell ya I could of went with shows. Not jus’ one neither. An’ a guy tol’ me he could put me in the pitchers†. Her thoughts are formed to try and get back at her mother, as her mother didn’t let her go to all the parties and auditions for her to become a movie star. The dream is ended when Lennie accidentally kills her. But it was highly unlikely that she would have been a movie star, even if her death had not come so soon. Crooks hasShow MoreRelatedThe Novel Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1211 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Of Mice and Men, Arthur John Steinbeck successfully creates a timeless literary novel. The novella was first published in 1937 and transcends time with compelling characters and a unique plot, readers easily become invested in the book. Steinbeck takes you on an emotional roller coaster throughout the story with characters that earn the reader s sympathy from the start of the novella. Students usually read Of Mice and Men their freshman year of high school. Some people believe thatRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck894 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay John Steinbeck once said, â€Å"A journey is a person in itself; no two are alike. And all plans, safeguards, policing, and coercion are fruitless. We find that after years of struggle that we do not take a trip; a trip takes us†. In his novella, Of Mice and Men, two men go on an unexpected journey in search for their dream of happiness. There are many themes that come from their journey such as, the gilded American dream, the bond of male friendships, the power of women and femininityRead MoreEssay The Use Animals to Show the Main Themes in Of Mice and Men1399 Words   |  6 PagesHow does Steinbeck use animals to show the main themes in Of Mice and Men? This story is about two men (George and Lennie) and their desperate hope in that they will raise enough money so that they can purchase a plot of land and â€Å"live of the fatta the land†. In this essay I will discuss how Steinbeck uses animals to show the themes of, friendship/loneliness, anger/violence, cruelty/kindness and dreams. The main points that I will be discussing are, how Lennie connects with animals, how Read MoreEssay about Lonliness and Friendship in Of Mice And Men680 Words   |  3 Pages Lonliness and Friendship in Of Mice And Men nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In terms of emotional stability, there is one thing in life that is really needed, and that is friends. Without friends, people would suffer from lonliness and solitude. Lonliness leads to low self-esteem and deprivation. In the novel, Of Mice And Men, by John Steinbeck, the two main themes are friendship and lonliness. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are two main characters, George andRead MoreThe Evolution And Purpose Of The American Dream1741 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Dream Across the economically, ethnically, and socially diverse United States, millions of unlike Americans share the same desire to overcome the vast array of obstacles the modern day era presents in the hopes of becoming the ideal member of society. Looking back at multiple generations, evidence of this drive to succeed can be found in the roots of society’s progression. This omnipresent goal that motivates the population to build sustainable lives has become known as the American Dream. InRead MoreIs It Really A Dream?933 Words   |  4 PagesReally A Dream? The American Dream is defined as â€Å"a life of personal happiness and material comfort as traditionally sought by individuals in the U.S† (Dictionary.com). This so called â€Å"dream† is an idea that has distinguished both America and her people for centuries. For generations, the American Dream has powered hope for hard-working Americans to achieve a better life - to ful-fill this dream. But over time, the idea of this dream has been criticized. In The Great Gatsby and in Of Mice and Men, F.Read MoreAnalysis Of Of Mice And Men1132 Words   |  5 PagesNesins Mrs. Thompson HSE 1; Period 3 November 3, 2015 Analysis of Of Mice and Men. During the 1930’s Great Depression, author, John Steinbeck (1902-1968) wrote many books regarding the difficulties and tragedies that struck farmers who strived to make a living in a rural, and destitute California. One intriguing novel that exhibits his common themes is Of Mice and Men. People similar to Lennie, strive to achieve their dream in America, the land of unlimited potential, despite the depression, andRead More The title of the novel Of Mice And Men refers to how dreams often go1884 Words   |  8 PagesThe title of the novel Of Mice And Men refers to how dreams often go wrong. Discuss how John Steinbeck achieves this. Question 3-The title of the novel Of Mice And Men refers to how dreams often go wrong. Discuss how John Steinbeck achieves this. One of the main themes that runs through Of Mice And Men is of dreams and how they go wrong. The title of the book is very appropriate to this theme as it comes from a poem by Robert Burns called To A Mouse, On Turning Up Her Nest With TheRead MoreOmam Essay Questions2412 Words   |  10 PagesWhat do Steinbeck’s first description of George and Lennie tell us about their characters? Discuss this in the regards to the role/relationship of Itinerant workers in the 1930’s Great Depression: In the 1930’s itinerant workers were migrant workers who travelled from land to land to find jobs, any occupation available to allow them to fend for themselves and survive in the disastrous world, they were living in at the time. We know George and Lennie are migrant workers due to the period of timeRead MoreEssay on John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men 1986 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract: When Of Mice and Men is read between the lines, it is easy to discover Steinbeck’s objective. Men are destined to be alone, despite their hardships, despite their connections. In order to establish these ideas Steinbeck develops his characters, the relationships they share, and their interactions. Of Mice and Men is considered a classic novel for a reason. Steinbeck does an excellent job of establishing powerful themes while using unparalleled writing techniques. Steinbeck was able to take

Essay on African American Minority Group - 822 Words

African American Minority Group ETH/125 African American Minority Group Among many of the ethnic groups that experienced a combination of segregation, racism, and prejudice; African Americans is one of the few that is still faced with one or more forms of discrimination today. The majority of African Americans came to the United States from Africa to be slaves, while others are citizens or residents of the United States from partial ancestry a form of the native population. In 1619, the first recorded Africans were recorded in British North America in Jamestown, Virginia, and the numbers began to increase as more English settlers died from harsh conditions and the Africans were brought to work as laborers. In the late 1700s†¦show more content†¦White Americans begin to form organizations that promoted white power, leading the organizations to practice out violence and destroy African Americans property. A popular white power organization called themselves the Ku Klux Klan and performed acts against blacks that included; lynching cross burn ings, physical violence, and house burnings towards African Americans. Although, the Ku Klux Klan was formed in 1867, it has been rumors that there are people that are still secretly members today. African Americans experienced a wider range of discrimination, segregation, and racism more so in the later days but still arise in society today. In a perfect world, no one would be judged by the color of their skin and society would focus on a person’s individual true character. Often times African Americans miss out on opportunities because they are being judged by the color of their skin, rather than their abilities. The United States has tried to provide Americans the rights to equal opportunity, by creating the Affirmative action. The affirmative action eliminates people being granted opportunities based on their race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation or national origin and ensures that minority groups within a society receive equal opportunities. Although, t he affirmative action was intended to diminish situations which cause people to participate in different forms of discrimination, but unless itShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Act Of 1964 Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pages The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was significant to African Americans because the act ended segregation in public places and ended employment prejudice based on the pigment of skin, national origin, gender, ethnicity, or/and religion. The Act was one of the most momentous events to impact African Americans on the account of bringing equality to minorities on paper and giving them opportunities to voice their political and community concerns. However, there were unforeseen consequences that added toRead MoreReparations Should Not Be Paid758 Words   |  4 PagesReparations should not be paid, because they will be seen as a final payment. The general population would feel that reparations would be the ultimate closure, and that African-Americans are not owed further. Law rie Balfour at the University of Virginia in 2005 stated that â€Å"the closure afforded by reparations means that no more will be owed to Blacks than is owed to any citizen under the law. Given the depth of societal denial about the significance and effects of slavery and the pervasiveness ofRead MoreAfrican American Nursing Students Have The Lowest Graduation Rate Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough African-Americans represent the largest minority group, studies show they have the lowest success rates in nursing programs. According to the AACN (2013), â€Å"African-American nursing students have the lowest graduation rate when compared to other minority groups†. The lack of minorities providing care negatively effects healthcare outcomes and accessibility. In order to increase the number of African-Americans nurses practicing, it is essential to gain an understanding of the conditionsRead MoreHealth Promotion Among Black or African Population Gcu1095 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Promotion Among Black or African American Population [Your Name] Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion(NRS-429V) January 10, 2016  Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015) notes that â€Å"Starting in 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires federal agencies to use a minimum of five race categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, AsianRead MoreJohn Ogbu s Oppositional Culture Theory1325 Words   |  6 Pageseducational performance by looking at the societal structures of minorities. Ogbu uses case studies which he looks at the affluent neighborhoods that represent oppositional culture. There are several explanations as to academic disengagement among certain minorities. He also looks at white academic efforts and explanations of their own disengagement. According to James Ainsworth-Darnell and Douglas Downey, they state that, â€Å"Immigrant minorities tend to compare their condition to that of relatives in theirRead MoreThe Fight Against The Minority Groups1740 Words   |  7 PagesProtect The recent political climate in this country has placed more focus on the rights of minorities. The current discourse is fierce, and it revolves around how much should be done when it comes to representing and fighting for minorities who are being discriminated against. The recent spike in hate crimes has done little to appease fears within these minority groups, and the persecution of minorities will create more problems for not just them, but for every citizen in this country. It is withRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Racial Profiling1418 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the many controversial topics is racial profiling. For centuries, America has looked down and discriminated minorities and it still continues today. It began when minorities started to immigrate to America in search of better lives. Most whites believed in white supremacy and thought minorities were aliens. The police use racial profiling mostly towards minority groups. Racial profiling is the use of race or a skin co lor to suspect someone of doing an offense. While some people think thatRead MoreHousing Segregation and Minority Groups in the United States840 Words   |  4 Pagesapplication of denying minority groups, especially African Americans, equal access to housing through misinterpretation, which denies people of color finance services and opportunities to afford decent housing. Caucasians usually live in areas that are mostly white communities. However, African Americans are most likely lives in areas that are racially combines with African Americans and Hispanics. A miscommunication of property owners not giving African American groups gives an accurate descriptionRead MoreRace Class Gender 456 Final Exam1311 Words   |  6 PagesSociologist Donald Noel’s hypotheses state, â€Å"If two or more groups come together in a contact situation characterized by ethnocentrism, competition, and a differential in power, then some form of racial or ethnic stratification will result (He aley O Brien, 2015, p. 104). In this hypothesis, the contact situation is the initial contact of the groups and results in a dominant and minority group. Ethnocentrism is defined by our tendency to judge other groups or cultures based upon our own standards establishingRead MoreSocial Injustice: Invisibility and Suppression Among Minorities1254 Words   |  6 Pagespost-1865 American literature is the recurrent motif of suppression among minority groups in the United States. The literature provided in the Heath Anthology reflects minority citizens like African Americans, Hispanics, and women. American literature during the 20th century serves as a critical lens to examine the social injustices faced by minority groups. Minority artists use literature to examine and redefine their pre-determined role in society. The critically acclaimed African American scholar

Biography Of Felix Mendelssohn s The Mendelssohn Quartet

The piece my ensemble piece will be performing is the Mendelssohn Quartet Op.44, movement 1. The composer, Felix Mendelssohn was born on February 3, 1809, in Hamburg. Germany. As a son of Moses Mendelssohn, who was a successful banker, Mendelssohn was born into a very wealthy family, which gave him certain advantages such as providing him a rich and ideal cultural setting for his artistic mind to flourish. His received good education as well. While Mendelssohn’s father disliked Jews that converted from Judaism to Christianity to gain social acceptance outside of the jewish ghettos, Felix still ended up following Christianity, and even baptized his whole family in the name of Jesus. When Mendelssohn was a child, his family moved to Berlin where he would meet Ludwig Berger. Felix took piano lessons from Berger and also studied from Karl Zelter on compositions. In the early 19th century, Mendelssohn quickly established himself as prodigy and displayed an interest in arts and musi c thru his ability to perform on the piano and violin, as well as painting. At the young age of nine, he made is public debut and during his childhood he had written five operas and eleven full orchestral symphonies. In the late 1810’s, Felix Mendelssohn took part in the Singakedemie Music Academy, where he wrote numerous pieces such as multiple violin sonatas, a cantata, two piano sonatas, and a short opera. In 1821, Karl Zelter took Mendelssohn to the port, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Immediately,Show MoreRelatedThe Role of Women in the Musical Life of the 19th Century. Essay1785 Words   |  8 Pagesmen. However, their opportunities were still limited by tradition. Therefore, the role of the 19th century women as performers and composers was not equal to men, as can be seen in the case of Fanny Hansel, a sibling of the well known composer Felix Mendelssohn. At the beginning of the 19th century, the numbers of female amateur musicians rose due to the increasingly prosperity of the middle classes. According to Reich (1991), most women from well-to-do families had an opportunity to learn to playRead MoreRebecca Clarke s `` Cinderella No More ``3827 Words   |  16 Pageswrite about her personality as a composer and a performer, her role in music history considering her gender. Biography Rebecca Clarke was born 1886 in Harrow, England, to Joseph Thacher Clarke, an American, and his German wife, Agnes Paulina Marie Amalie Helferich. Her father was interested in music and was an amateur cellist who chose instruments for the family to create a string quartet. Her mother Agnes played viola, leaving Rebecca to play the violin, which she studied at the Royal Academy beginning

Global Warming And Environmental Issues - 988 Words

Global warming and environmental issues such as contaminated water, the loss of habitats, etc. are topics that have raise the attention of many people (associations or campaigns) who are constantly trying to discover new ways to reduce global warming. This problem has many outcomes such as ice melting in Antarctica, the dramatic climate changes, among others; The list goes on and on of negative environmental issues that are happening and that are rapidly increasing each day. That is why these associations try to find ways to create awareness in people about the situation. Exploring about the different solutions that can help reduce or slow down the effect of global warming is a good way to answers questions like, â€Å"does recycling plastic materials help reduce global warming?† or, â€Å"How many people would have to cooperate to make a significant change to slow down the increment of global warming?† There is a high chance that many people do not know the damage that plastic materials cause in the environment, for this reason many people use large amounts of plastic materials (such as, water bottles) and they do not know the correct way to dispose of. However, does recycling plastic materials helps the environment? To what extend? In the article Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments, Barnes, Galgani, Thomson, and Barlaz explore this issue by claiming, â€Å"In the last half-century, there have been many drastic changes on the surface of the planet,Show MoreRelatedEnvironmental Issues Of Global Warming1436 Words   |  6 Pagesplanets in the universe that holds enough oxygen and water to support life. Unfortunately, the planet is suffering due to endless amounts of environmental problems which will result in major consequences for daily life. Today; global warming, deforestation and environmental degradation are the biggest issues this planet continues to fight against. Environmental issues result from discussions over the use of resources and pose challenges that are as diverse as Earth’s ecosystems. The environment is affectedRead MoreEnvironmental Issues Of Global Warming2124 Words   |  9 PagesAngelina Ricca Mr. Goddard Environmental Issues Term Paper December 2014 There are many controversial topics and ideas in the realm of environmental issues. These controversies stretch anywhere from the concept of global warming to the issue of invasive species. One particularly notable specific issue within the bounds of the environment is the controversial Keystone Pipeline. The debate over whether the pipeline is a viable solution to the transportation of oil has been enlarging the rift betweenRead MoreEnvironmental Research Issue : Global Warming1465 Words   |  6 PagesEcological Research Issue 1: Global Warming The topic of global warming was first studied and reported by scientists less than a hundred years ago who noticed that large amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could trap infrared radiation and heat from the sun. Today, the topic is one of the most prominent issues discussed by industrial countries that have seen unprecedented heat waves and other weather phenomena turn over ecosystems and even human activity. Global warming is the process byRead MoreENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN MALAYSIA According to the Oxford Dictionary, global warming can be2000 Words   |  8 PagesENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN MALAYSIA According to the Oxford Dictionary, global warming can be defined as â€Å"gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs and other pollutants.† Historically, global warming began in 1970s in Malaysia. During that time, Tun Hussein Onn as the Prime Minister of Malaysia had initiated more huge projects that enabled terrace plantation to be done in FeldaRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Most Important Environmental Issue That The World Faces Today Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of global warming as a result of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration is arguably the most important environmental issue that the world faces today. CO2 has always been in the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas keeping the global atmospheric temperature at life sustainable levels by preventing the infra-red radiation to leave the atmosphere (CO2 Capture and storage, 2016) . However due to human interference and the burning of fossil fuels (as shown by the following equation), the rate atRead MoreThe Report Will State The Facts And Issue About Global Warming1491 Words   |  6 Pages3.Introduction The report will state the facts and issue about global warming all over the world. The report will focus on the impact of global warming and consider what actions can be taken by Greenpeace to fight global warming. Global warming, which will trigger hurricanes and tropical storms, has a negative effect on human beings  and wildlife. According to the report, thanks to global warming, a million species have already become extinct and approximately 150,000 people will die by the end ofRead MoreThe Environmental Problem Of Global Warming Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pages Global warming Name: Institution: Course: Date: Global warming The main environmental problem facing the world today is global warming. Many scientists believe that production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases has a heating effect on the atmosphere, and this could be very dangerous for human life. This essay will examine the problem of global warming and suggest some ways of solving the problem. Numerous issues could come about because of global warming. One of the problemsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Impact On The Environment952 Words   |  4 Pagesexpectancy becomes longer, the global environment is being negatively impacted by various human and natural activities that are detrimental to the environment. Unfortunately there are many global environmental issues that need the attention of world leaders today, and have become undisputed environmental issues in today’s society. However, the most important public health, environmental issue I would like to address in my discussion is global warming. Furthermore, global warming influences a great amountRead MoreClimate Change Essays1637 Words   |  7 Pagesclimatologists, the notion of Global warming today is commonly heard but very misunderstood. One might ask, what exactly is global warming and should we care? According to What is Global Warming? in LiveScience, global warming is a gradual increase in the tempera ture of Earths surface and atmosphere, that has become a world-wide environmental issue.1(Lallanilla,2013) Similarly, this topic is one of great controversy because of widely differing opinions on current global warming rates and the impact byRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Problem Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Global warming is a dilemma; it is a debatable issue between a fact and a theory, between approval and disapproval and between having advantages and disadvantages. Endless questions that have indefinite answers arise to a man’s mind when just tackling the idea of the global warming. Many people do not take in consideration the environmental issues, their main interests lie behind thinking about their personal lives and needs. Only few who think about the environment they‘re living in. Is

Model of Identification for Gifted Learners †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Model of Identification for Gifted Learners. Answer: Introduction My countrys education system concentraes on the chalk and takl system. In this system, the delivery system features the teacher who gives direction through talks while the student engages in discussions or question and answer session. This method may not be able to recognize unique and gifted children. A gifted child is one whose intelligence is above normal. Bevan-Brown (2009) identifies giftednesss as exceptionality stating that the gifted child has certain qualities. According to the New Zealand Association for Gifted Children, giftedness is natural and includes childrren with unconventional behavior, intellectual and emotional intelligence(NZAGC, 2018). Theorists acknolwege creativity as one of the factors of gifted children who often have high sensitivity to the surrounding, exceptional memory and observation ability(Weber, 2015). Research also recommend creativity in special gifts as a form of talents(Yuen Fong, 2014). In the modern era where innovation is a critical factor fo r success creative minds excel as innovators. According to the Marland Report (Colangelo Wood, 2015), high performing children have the potential to engage in the following: General intellectual ability Specific academic aptitude Creative or productive thinking Leadership ability Visual and performing arts Psychomotor ability: Cretive and productive Model In my opinion, the essence of creativity is achieevable with the maximization of output with limited resources. Having considered the theoretical aspects of a gifted mind, I decided to develop a creative and productive model. The figure below represents an illutsration of this model used for the idenitfication of creative abilities in children. This is an primary level tool for learners between 9 and 15 years. This approach is exclusive because it derives its motivation in the world of innovation where ICT skills are necessary (Freeman, 2013). Its design also supports creativity with team work and scientific measuring tools(Somech Drach-Zahavy, 2013). This tool measures five attributes of a learner in order to identify the level of creative intelligence and productivity, The Analytical child: This is the ability to solve problems and represents a learner who is able to work independently, accomplish taks make numerical data and apply formulas. This is also a learner who has the ability to analyse and solve complex problems such as arithmetics (Hayes, 2013) Designing child: This is the ability to innovate, experiment, find and give vision. This student is playful but takes risks, is effective in developing ideas from startup and takes opportunity to experiment (Voogt, et al., 2013). The Communicator: This child has the ability to work in a team, express oneself and persuade. This is a unique ability that brings out language abilities in children. It supports the sociocultural group effect. Arranging Child: This is a student who is able to arrange and put things in order without struggling. The ability to plan, organize and accoplish tasks is not in every child. This includes all kinds of tasks including paper work and building blocks. The practical ability: This is the ability to see the solution, initiate solutions and develop a vision, and find practical solutions in order to get it done(Beetham Sharpe, 2013) Its Usefulness The model is useful in the identification of a gifted child who contributes within a specific group setting (Taifel, 1981). Designed using the successful intelligence theory, it supports the notion that a successfully gifted person defines their ability within a sociocultural context (Stenberg, 1985). A group may have a dominant culture but there is a common thread of giftedness, level of intelligence, and creativity. Therefore, this model acknowledges that there is a need to provide opportunities for the development of the gifted talents. Consequently, parental involvement in the children influences performance because teachers are more willing to work with students whose parents show interest. From research, an effective model has a social, emotional and psychological effect. This model is a solution to the failure of the standardized national assessments, which have locked the potential of many students by offering a narrow and one-sided focus. Motivated by Taifel Turner (2004) this model borrows from the social identity theory, which supports social psychology. It also adds value to Robert Stenbergs approach to intelligence via the triachic theory of practical, creative and analytical intelligence (Stenberg, 1985). From the model example, analytical skills support the evaluation, analysis, comparison and contrast abilities. Creative skills enhance the invention, discovery and creativity ability while practical ability encourages innovation. Moved by Amanda Champdanys talk on a school systems role of encouraging and shaping successful gifts the model develops a practical solution (Amanda, 2016). Advantages of measuring potential thorugh creativity This model is useful because it supports creativity on a wider scale. It capitalies on the four categories of creativity highlighted in the 4Cs namely: Big C ( Eminence in creativity developed across time, big ideas, and innovators ) Little C ( Every day creativity, high imagination, inquisitive and connects to knowledge ) Pro-C ( Professional creators e.g scientists, historians, musicians, painters, leaders..) Mini C ( transformative, meaningful and personal experinces) From this example, creativity reflects on a persons life from an early age and is traceable in daily activities. This model explores a childs experiences checking their potential as creative individuals. The surrounding environment supports this creativity highlighting different ways in which creativity comes out. The approach points out creativity as a product of interpersonal behaviour and self-expression. However, it reiterates the need for social support from parents, friends and family in order to nurture it. How to measure creativity This method supports the use of the following tools and techniques for measuring the five elements of the creativity model: Psychometric tests( critical for placement in schools and learning centers) Expert analysis ( supervisor based ratings by different experts on different activities) Self-ratings ( measures divergent modes of thinking in different tasks or assessments) Torrance Tests of Creativity Thinking ( TTCT-for support in daily activities) Guiding students on the level of creativity involves a domain specific process that motivates an individuals creativity, interest and behaviour. This is the classification of creative ability through specific categories for an age specific target group. Children have different levels of creativity. This is evident in varied thinking capabilities, talents and innovativeness. This model may not be able to identify all obstacles to giftedness because of the following: Time constraints The complicated role of motivation as a creativity factor Lack of clear definition of failure as part of innovation Failure to define coping mechanisms for criticism during creativity Inconsistency Conclusion Gifted children are unique and it is not easy to identify and nature them. Scholars point out that in order to identify such children, it is important to design an effective tool that motivates the students to identify who they are and focus on shaping their success. Teachers find it difficult to identify such creative minds at once because of the ineffectiveness of tools and techniques used in measuring abilities. Creativity as one of the special attributes of gifted children is hard to detect. A good model needs a comprehensive approach that measures a persons analytical, problem solving, communication, arranging and practical abilities. These distinguish a learner from others within a diverse group. The above model is effective in identifying creativity through specific measures across different activities. Its application of theoretical models in order to come up with a measure of creativity makes it suitable for the target age groups. However, it uses different tests to check fo r levels of creativity, which is time consuming. From this model, the social environment is critical in shaping a persons creativity. This is an integrated approach to measuring and shaping creativity. References Amanda, C., 2016. Building Diversity in Gifted Programs. [Online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1nx_zdemPk Beetham, H. Sharpe, R., 2013. Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: Designing for 21st Century Learning. s.l.:Routledge. Bevan-Brown, J., 2009. Idnetifying and providing for gifted and talented Maori students. APEX, Volume 15. Colangelo, N. Wood, S. M., 2015. Counselling the gifted: Past, present, and future directions. Journal of Counseling Development, 93(2), pp. 133-142. Freeman, J., 2013. Gifted children grown up. s.l.:David Fulton Publishers. Hayes, J. R., 2013. The complete problem solver. s.l.:Routledge . Kaufman, J. C. Beghetto, R. A., 2013. Do People Recognise the Four Cs? Examining Layperson conceptions of Creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts, 7(3), pp. 229-236. NZAGC, 2018. What is Giftedness?. [Online] Available at: https://www.giftedchildren.org.nz/what-is-this-gifted-thing-all-about/ Somech, A. Drach-Zahavy, A., 2013. Translating team creativity to innovation implimentation. the role of team composition and climate for innovation. Journal of Management, 39(3), pp. 684-708. Steele, C. M., 1997. A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and perfomance. American Psychologist, 52(6), p. 613. Stenberg, R., 1985. Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. s.l.:Cambridge University Press. Taifel, H., 1981. The Social identity theory of intergroup behavior. s.l.:Cambridge University Press. Voogt, J., Erstad, O., Dede, C. Mishra, P., 2013. Challenges to learning and Schooling in the digital networked world of teh 21st century. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 29(5), pp. 403-413. Weber, M., 2015. Teacher expectations, ethnicity and the achievement gap. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 50(1), pp. 55-69. Yuen, M. Fong, W. R., 2014. Perfectionism and Chinese Gifted Learners. Roepers Review, Volume 2, pp. 81-91.

Central Bank and Monetary Policy

Question: Discuss about theCentral Bank and Monetary Policy. Answer: Introduction Central banks play a significant role in ensuring the economic stability and robust financial system of the country. The following report highlights the role of central bank of Australia in regulating the financial system and economic environment within the country and the regulatory requirements imposed on the bank in performing its responsibilities. It further outlines the importance of monetary policy and its impact on the asset value and yields. Further, the importance of leverage in context of banks is discussed along with the role of ADIs and Basel Accords in addressing the risk faced by banks that are inherent in the banking system. Role of Central Bank in Australia in Implementing Monetary Policy The Reserve Bank of Australia acts as the central bank. It has accountable to make the monetary policy. This policy is effective to maintain the tough financial structure. Besides, it makes the regulation to provide the banking services to several public body, overseas banks and authorized institute. Furthermore, the major role of the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is manage the gold and Forex reserves of Australia. Their role and function are regulated by the two different boards named the Reserve Bank Board (RBB) and the Payments System Board (PSB) (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2016). In the section 10 (2) and 11(1), RBB makes obligation about the financial policy. In this way, section 10(2) defines the responsibilities of the RBB. These duties are related to maintaining the constancy in Australian currency, full employment and economic wealth of the Australia. Moreover, section 11(1) of the act explains the requirements to discuss with the Government. In this regards, it can be opined that the RBB occasionally informs the Government about the monetary policy (Gorajek and Turner, 2010). On the other side, in section 10B (3), payments system board (PSB) defined that the payments system policy of the bank facilitates the great benefits to the Australian. Besides this board will controlling the risk in the financial system. It also promoted the rivalry in the marketplace regarding the payment services (Tricker, 2015). Regulatory Requirements Imposed on the RBA in Performing their Responsibilities The Reserve Bank of Australia is itself an apex institution that sets rules and regulations for effective governance of financial and banking system, payments system, and other fiscal matters. However, the decisions of the RBA affect the public and other business, thus, even RBA is accountable. As such certain regulatory requirements are also imposed in the RBA under the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013. This act places a positive duty on RBA to cooperate with other entities, and not operate in isolation, to achieve common objectives. Additionally, the Governor has to present a report annually to the Treasurer for presentation to the Parliament (The Parliament of the CommonWealth of Australia, 2013). Moreover, RBA is accountable to The Parliament of the CommonWealth of Australia for its actions and has to consult with the Australian Government regarding monetary and banking policy as per the norms of the Reserve Bank Act 1959. The RBA also has to maintain transparency in its communication (RBA, 2016). Economic Position of Australia, Monetary Policy and its Effects The Australian economy is experiencing an economic growth rate of 3.1% with inflation rate stuck at 1.3% and cash rate of 1.75% (RBA, 2016). The economy is experience economic growth. However, substantially low inflation level is negatively impacting the exchange rates and bond yields. Moreover, there is a fair chance that the economy will get stuck into deflationary spiral (Gerber and Shapiro, 2016). Thus, the monetary policy of the RBA is aimed towards bring the inflation level in the range of 2% to 3% on an average. At this rate, the inflation will be sufficient low that it will not adversely impact the economy. However, as the economy is experiencing low level of inflation, increasing the inflation with the help of appropriate monetary policy will give a short-term stimulus to the economy so as to increase its economic activity. In this regard, the RBA has adopted easy monetary policy and has reduced its cash rate to 1.75 % to support domestic demand in the economy. As such low levels of cash rate, savings are discouraged and spending is encouraged to increase the aggregate demand in the economy (RBA, 2016). The monetary policy implemented by the RBA directly affects the cash rate which in turn affects interest rate in the economy which further affects the asset values. It subsequently affects the wealth and spending decision of the people and firms. Besides this, it is defined that if the interest rates are high, then it can be anticipated that it will lead to decline in the values of various assets. Along with this reduction in prices of assets, it could be anticipated that there will reduce spending as wealth of the people would be less in this scenario. Further, borrowing capacity of those assets that were used as security for loans would be also reduced (Hollifield, et al., 2014). However, these results could be very different in the real world. This is certainly not true that asset prices respond instinctively to modification in interest rates. There are several factors that influence the asset values such as changes in expectations and general business cycle circumstances. Furthermore, the effect of asset prices on spending decisions is also quite variable. The reason behind it is that there are some factors that modify the asset prices (Downes, et al., 2014). Therefore, it can be said that in the initial phase of the asset price cycle, asset prices increase that facilitates to expand the security and increase growth in credit and spending. In this case, these effects are closely associated with the credit supply channel. Importance of Leverage and Impact on Central Bank Practices Leverage holds a significant place in case of banks and financial institutions because borrowing and lending is what they exist for (Gans et al., 2011). Banks are amongst the most leveraged institutions as debt forms greater portion than banks own capital in process of asset financing. A bank lends out money that was deposited by its customers. In views of the Reserve Bank of Australia governor, leverage matters because a high level of leverage increases the risk of loss of depositors money in case of any economic turbulence. It was because of unchecked leverage created by the banks that allowed the relatively small asset class of subprime mortgages to trigger a crisis like that of 2007-2009. Thus, the level of attention paid to leverage ratios has increased since then and banks are being subject to stricter norms related to capital requirements and reserve ratios. There is an increasing pressure on banks to finance its assets through its own capital rather than debt to create greate r shock absorbing capacity in case of loss. Moreover, a leverage target helps to regulate the volume by naturally limiting the amount of loans made because it is rather difficult and expensive to raise capital than it is to borrow funds (Haswell, 2016). In conclusion, the Reserve bank of Australia uses leverage and capital adequacy ratios to check the level of leverage. These ratios indicate the financial health of banks and show the amount of free equity with the bank to deal with crisis (Lannin, 2015). To ensure that assets are financed with banks own capital, including common equity tier one assets like equity and reserves, rather than borrowed capital, the banks are aiming core equity tier one ratios of 8.5% so as to increase the financial strength of the banks and reducing the risk of losses that would fall to the shareholders and the RBA plays a significant role in ensuring that adequate leverage is maintained by the banks (Carney, 2013). Role of ADIs in Dealing with Risks Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions (ADIs) are institutions sanctioned to accept deposits from customers under the Banking Act 1959. These institutions include banks, building societies and credit unions. As they accept and lend money to their customers/members, they are subject to risks arising out of such transactions. These risks include credit, liquidity, operating and interest rate risks. Credit risk is defined as the risk in which borrower fails to meet their contractual obligations related to making the interest and principal payments at the scheduled time. Therefore, they are unable to meet the terms and conditions of the loan agreement (Turner, 2011). To reduce this risk, ADIs use risk-weights on its assets and exposures for capital adequacy purpose. These risk-weights are based on credit rating grades provided by external credit assessment institutions on the probability of default on the part of other party (APRA, 2013). Operating risk is defined as the uncertainties that may occur in the actual operations of the banks due to inadequate internal procedures, people and arrangements or from external affairs (BIS, 2011). Hence, ADIs acts in accordance with the several prudential standards set by APRA. It includes standards with respect to the acceptable governance, risk management and internal control arrangements. Besides this, ADIs sets out the prudential standards that specify the minimum capital requirement based on their risk profile. Thus, they are required to maintain an adequate internal capital buffer to withstand adverse shocks posed by operational risks to protect its creditors (Turner, 2011). Liquidity risk arises when the bank does not know about the borrower request and also unaware that when and how depositors withdrawn the money. It is stated that to deal with liquidity risk in ADIs, APS210 was established in 1998. Under this framework, each bank is required to maintain the given percentage of liabilities in the form of government securities, cash and deposit with the RBA (Hull, 2012). In this way, it includes a different strategy to manage the liquidity such as setting a limit on maturity mismatches, holding liquid assets, diversifying liquidity sources and developing assets sales strategy. Interest rate risk arises due to fluctuations in interest rate in the Australian economy. In this case, ADIs deal with the problem to match the asset and liabilities structure. Besides this, it attracts the longer-term depositors and reduces the asset maturity in order to deal with the interest rate risk. Another approach used by the ADIs is to set up loans with variable interest rates in building society loans for housing (Akhter and Hasan, 2015). Role of BASEL Accords in Dealing with Risks The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision was formed in 1974 by the governors of central banks of the G10 countries in the wake of breakdown of the Bretton Woods system of regulated exchange rates in 1973. The committee was established as a forum for regular cooperation on banking regulatory affairs with the purpose to improve the quality of banking supervision around the globe. For this, the committee formulates standards, guidelines and recommendations for sound banking practices. These standards are popularly known as Basel Accords. Until now, the committee has provided three Basel norms namely, Basel I, Basel II and Basel III. These Accords help the banks in mitigating different risks associated with banking practices like credit risks, liquidity risks, etc. (BIS, 2015). Basel I: In 1988, the committee published a set of minimum capital requirements for banks, the Basel Capital Accords to address the problem of credit risk. This Accord called for minimum capital ratio of 8% to be implemented by banks by the end of 1992. Further, in 1996, the committee incorporate a capital requirement for the market risks as a result of banks' espial to foreign exchange, commodity derivatives and options within the Accord to address market risks. Basel II: In 1999, the committee proposed a new capital adequacy structure to succeed the 1988 Accords with a view to provide significantly more risk-sensitive capital requirements. The revised framework now incorporated three pillars related to minimum capital requirements, supervisory process and disclosure and market discipline. The new Accords standardized the banking rules and regulations for international banks. Along with addressing credit and market risks, these Accords also addressed operational risks and disclosure norms (Porter and Chiou, 2013). Additionally, it mandated the use of credit rating provided by external rating agencies to set the risk weights for various claims. Basel III: The poor governance and risk management on the part of banks led to mispricing of financial risk, and excess mortgage growth. To remove the flaws of Basel II that emerged during the 2008financial crisis, the committee proposed Basel III norms in 2010. The objective of the new Accords was to endorse a more strong banking system by focusing on criteria such as capital, debt,funding and liquidity. It also helps in addressing systematic risks. The new Accords defined the new capital and liquidity standards and strengthened the three pillars given by Basel II. Thus, Basel Accords are very helpful in mitigating the risks that the financial system is exposed to due to the nature of its work. Conclusion Reserve Bank of Australia plays a significant role in implementing monetary policy which is aimed at bringing the inflation rate in the country in the range of 2% to 3%. Moreover, the RBA is answerable to the Parliament for all its conduct and decisions. Also, the bank has to cooperate with other entities for achieving common objectives as per the regulations of the PGPA Act 2013. Additionally, it can be concluded that leverage is important in context of banks as it holds key to the safety if the shareholders money. Thus, banks are required to maintain adequate levels of debt and equity in their portfolio. Further, ADIs mitigate its financial risks by maintaining proper leverage ratios, using credit ratings and other tools. Along with this, BASEL Accords also provide useful guidelines for the same. References Akhter, S. and Hasan, M. Z. (2015) Contagion Risk for Australian Authorized Deposità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Taking Institutions,Economic Record,91(293), pp. 191-208. APRA (2013) Prudential Standard APS 112, Capital Adequacy: Standardized Approach to Credit Risk [Online]. Available at: https://www.apra.gov.au/adi/PrudentialFramework/Documents/Basel-III-Prudential-Standard-APS-112-(January-2013).pdf (Accessed: 29 July 2016). BIS (2011) Principles for the Sound Management of Operational Risk. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs195.pdf (Accessed: 29 July 2016). BIS (2015) History of the Basel Committee, Bank For International Settlements. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bis.org/bcbs/history.htm (Accessed: 29 July 2016). Carney, J. (2013) Everything you ever wanted to know about bank leverage rules, CNBC. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/id/100880857 (Accessed: 28 July 2016). Downes, P., Hanslow, K. and Tulip, P. (2014)The effect of the mining boom on the Australian economy. Reserve Bank of Australia. Gans, J., King, S., Stonecash, R. and Mankiw, N. (2011) Principles of Economics. USA: Cengage Learning. Gorajek, A. and Turner, G. (2010) Australian Bank Capital and the Regulatory Framework. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2010/sep/6.html (Accessed: 28 July 2016). Greber, J Shapiro, J (2016) RBA joins race to the bottom, Australian Financial Review, 78 May. Haswell, C. (2016) Leverage is all the rage: The crucial future task for central banks, CITYA.M. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cityam.com/237836/leverage-is-all-the-rage-the-crucial-future-task-for-central-banks (Accessed: 28 July 2016). Hollifield, J., Martin, P. and Orrenius, P. (2014)Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press. Hull, J. (2012)Risk Management and Financial Institutions. USA: John Wiley Sons. Lannin, S. (2015) Australian banks need to increase capital reserves against losses: analyst, ABC News. [Online]. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-07-14/australian-banks-need-to-increase-capital-reserves/6617910 (Accessed: 28 July 2016). Porter, R.L. and Chiou, W.J.P. (2012) How has capital affected bank risk since implementation of the Basel accords. Bank and Banking Systems, 8(1), pp. 63-77. [Online]. Available at: https://businessperspectives.org/journals_free/bbs/2013/BBS_en_2013_01_Porter.pdf (Accessed: 29 July 2016). RBA (2016) Accountability. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/about-rba/accountability.html (Accessed: 29 July 2016). RBA (2016) Australian Economy Snapshot. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/snapshots/economy-snapshot/ (Accessed: 29 July 2016). RBA (2016) Statement by Glenn Stevens, Governor: Monetary Policy Decision, Media Release. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/media-releases/2016/mr-16-17.html (Accessed: 29 July 2016). Reserve Bank of Australia (2016) About Monetary Policy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/about.html (Accessed: 28 July 2016). The Parliament of CommonWealth of Australia (2013) Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Bill 2013. [Online]. Available at: www.pmra.finance.gov.au/files/2013/10/PGPA-EM.docx (Accessed: 29 July 2016). Tricker, B. (2015)Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. USA: Oxford University Press. Turner, G. (2011) Depositor Protection in Australia. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2011/dec/pdf/bu-1211-5.pdf (Accessed: 28 July 2016).